Luobi Academy’s 16th Reading Briefing in 2024
Source: “Hainan Luobi Academy” WeChat public account
Time: Confucius’s 2575th year, Jia Chenxuan October 16, Yi Mao
Jesus October 18, 2024
At nine o’clock in the morning on October 13, 2024, the teachers and students of the academy wrote in Marx The ideological and political interview room of the School of Socialism is gathered together. In this reading, we will focus on the process of Qin Shihuang’s unification of the Eastern countries from the time he ascended the throne at the age of thirteen to the age of thirty-nine. The above is a summary of this reading meeting from the perspective of “my” based on the master’s explanation and discussion.
First of all, we will discuss Ying Zheng’s order to expel the guests from the six countries, and Li Si’s letter “Remonstrance and Expulsion of Guests”.
Wang Chunce of Ideology and Politics 2301 believes that Qin Shihuang was an emperor who treated virtuous people with courtesy. He used a series of political tactics to abolish the prevailing custom of chasing guests in the court at that time. Sima Qian used the story of Qin Shihuang and Wei Liao to reflect Qin Shihuang’s emphasis on talents, and gradually cultivated his own team and determination to unify the world. Teacher Wang Honghai further explained this. From Wei Liao’s evaluation of Qin Shihuang, we can see that Qin Shihuang had the temperament of an emperor with “little kindness”. He was not discouraged when difficulties were encountered, was not proud when frustrated, and did not enslave others casually. Being noble and despising others is not the cruelty and stupidity that everyone sees. Therefore, Qin unified the whole country and had Qin Shihuang. personal reasons.
Li Jin from Ideological and Political Class 2301 asked Teacher Wang, “Why do so many geographical phenomena appear in “Historical Records: The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang”?Is there any special meaning in this? “
Mr. Wang replied: To analyze this problem, we must first start with the historical background. Sima Qian was in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty accepted a series of Dong Zhongshu’s thoughts. His thoughts It is also deeply ET Escorts deeply rooted in people’s hearts. Sima Qian was deeply influenced by Dong Zhongshu’s thoughts and reflected the “geographical phenomena and natural phenomena” that appeared in the article. Emerging from the idea of ”reaction between heaven and man”, the idea of ”reaction between heaven and man” combines ethical philosophy and political thinking, emphasizes the compliance with laws and legitimacy of the political power, consolidates the centralization of power, and also imposes certain restrictions on the behavior of the emperor; In addition, it is also influenced by the prophecy technique based on the theory of “response between heaven and man”. If the emperor violates the will of heaven and is unkind and unjust, heaven will show disasters to condemn and warn; if the government is harmonious and harmonious, heaven will send down good fortune to encourage , which reflects Confucianism’s idea of tyranny. webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1.webp!article_800_auto”>
Secondly, we will further discuss the great cause of unification from the 11th to the 26th year of Qin Shihuang
The Qin Dynasty did not come through several wars, and human efforts were indispensable. Next, we will show the Qin Dynasty’s unification of the world from the following important figures.
As one of Qin Shihuang’s important military commanders who unified the world, Wang Jian was not just a man of blood and courage, but also had a high level of military thinking and war thinking. On the 18th day of General Jian’s reign, the army returned to Doushi. He pushed two people to join the army and captured Ye and Anyang. “He explained: Wang Jian’s combat thinking is very advanced, based on the overall military command. He is now streamlining the soldier team to create a force similar to modern special forces to carry out high-efficiency operations, and at the same time, he has also made detailed arrangements for logistics support; in addition, Wang Jian also reused young soldiers and made great contributions to the rapid development of the Qin army. Li Jin from Ideology and Politics 2301 believed that Wang Jian had great political thinking. In his opinion, Wang Jian won victory after victory in the war, but he was able to win again and again. In the future, being able to survive in court and not be obsessed with military power is inseparable from his political acumen and his ability to know how to advance and retreat.
Teacher Wang raised a question to the master: “When Sima Qian was recording this period of history, There is no one every other year, which means that the Qin State has been fighting for many years, and according to its records, the Qin State has frequent natural disasters. Where did Qin Shihuang come from so many materials to fight against the six countries?
Luo Wenbo, a classmate of Technical Cost Class 2101, believes that on the one hand, the Qin State “supports war with war.” Through the strategy of using war to support war, Qin’s army can gain relative strength. Adequate materials; Ideology and Politics 2301 Li Jin believed that it was the wealth accumulated by the kings of Qin in the past. “On the Passage of Qin” wrote that “the remaining heroes of the sixth generation vigorously promoted the strategy to control the inner world, and swallowed up the princes for two weeks.” Among them King Zhaoxiang of Qin Yingji made the greatest contribution. He adopted the strategy of distant diplomacy and close attack proposed by Fan Ju, laying the foundation for Qin’s victory in the unification war; he captured Luoyi, the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and moved Jiuding to Xianyang, ending the 800-year rule of the Zhou Dynasty.
In my opinion, King Qin Zhaoxiang has established outstanding achievements in political and military aspects, especially military achievements, which are by no means inferior to those of King Qin. He reused Fan Ju, Bai Qi and others to make outstanding historical contributions to the development of Qin. The Zhao Dynasty was the most important decisive era in the history of Qin’s development.
In general, Qin’s unification of the country relied not only on its heroic army, but also on its political system and strong men who were advanced at that time. The hard work of patriots and kings throughout the ages Ethiopians Sugardaddy. Qin’s unification of China conformed to the trend of history, and at the same time it also allowed the civilizations of various nationalities to further integrate, and the cultural identity of Chinese civilization became stronger and stronger.
Original and translated texts read this week
Original text Content
The First Emperor of Qin, Qin ZhuangEthiopians Escort Prince Xiang. King Zhuang Xiang was the hostage of Qin in Zhao. When he saw Concubine Lu Buwei, he took her and gave birth to the first emperor. He was born in Handan in the first month of the forty-eighth year of King Zhao of Qin. When he was born, his name was Zheng, and his surname was Zhao. At the age of thirteen, King Zhuang Xiang died, and Zheng Dai was established as the king of Qin. At that time, Qin had merged with Ba, Shu, and Hanzhong, and Yue Wan had Ying, and Nanjun was established. To the east of Shangjun, there are Hedong, Taiyuan and Shangdang counties; to Xingyang in the east, it was destroyed for two weeks, and Sanchuan County was established. The whole country was united. Li Si was the general, and when the king was young, he was appointed as the minister of state affairs. In the first year, General Meng Ao attacked and killed 30,000 soldiers. In the third year, General Meng Ao attacked Han and captured thirteen cities. In October, General Meng Ao attacked Wei Shifan. In the fourth year of the year, there was a great famine. In March, the army of Qin returned to Zhao, and in the tenth month of Geng Yin, locusts came from the east and covered the whole country. Epidemic. In the fifth year, General Ao attacked Wei, conquered Suanzao, Yan, Xu, Changping, Yongqiu, and Shanyang cities, and established Donglei in the early 20th year.
In the sixth year, Han, Wei, Zhao, Wei, and Chu attacked Qin and captured Shouling. Qin withdrew its troops, and the troops of the five countries retreated and forced the east commander. Jiao led his tribe to move to Yewang, blocking his mountain to protect Wei’s river. In the seventh year, the comet came out of the east first and saw the south. In May, General Ao died and attacked Longgu. Qingdu returned his troops and attacked Ji. The comet returned to the east on the 16th. In the eighth year, the king’s brother Chang’an Jun Chengxi attacked Zhao, and the soldiers were killed. The general died in Lintao. They kept Pu Chuan in the camp and slaughtered their corpses. On the night of the river, Lao Ai was granted the title of Marquis of Changxin and was given a palace, a carriage, a horse and a garden. All matters depend on Ai.
In nine years, a comet will be seen, or it may happen. Day. In the fourth month of Wei Yuan and Pu Yang, I went to stay in Yong. Jiyou, with his crown and sword, was aware of the chaos. People were about to attack the Qinian Palace and there was chaos. The king knew about it and ordered Xiang Guo, Lord Chang Ping and Lord Chang Wen to attack Xianyang and beheaded hundreds of people who were worshipers and eunuchs in the battle.Also a first-level knighthood. Ai waited for defeat and fled. That is to say, he ordered the people in the country to give him a million dollars if he was alive; to kill him, he would give him half a million. Wait for everything. Twenty people, including Wei Wei Jie, Nei Shisi, Zuo Yi Jie, and Zhongda Fu Ling Qi, all bowed their heads. The chariot is broken and the clan is destroyed. And those who sacrifice others will be ghosts. He also seized the title and moved more than 4,000 families to Shu, with their houses and mausoleums. (4) [It is] a frozen month, and there are people who have died. Yang Duanhe attacked Yanshi. The comet can be seen in the east and south, eighty days south of Dou.
In ten years, Prime Minister Lu Buwei was exempted from his duties. Huanjue was made general. Qi and Zhao came to buy wine. Mao Jiao, a native of Qi, said to the King of Qin: “The Qin Dynasty is concerned with the whole country, and the king has the name of moving his mother to the Queen Mother. He is afraid that the princes will hear about it and double Qin.” The King of Qin then welcomed the Queen Mother in Yong and entered Xianyang, and restored Lives in Ganquan Palace. Da Suo was expelling the guests, and Li Si wrote a letter saying that it was an order to ban the guests. Li Si asked the King of Qin to take Han first to fear other countries, so he sent Si to go to Han. The king of Han suffered from it. Conspired with Han Fei to weaken Qin. Wei Liao, a native of Daliang, came and said to the King of Qin: “Given the strength of Qin, the princes are like the kings of prefectures and counties, but the ministers are afraid that the princes will join forces and make surprises. This is the reason why King Zhibo, Fuchai and Min died. “I hope that the king will not love wealth and bribe his powerful ministers to disrupt his plan. If he does not lose three hundred thousand gold, the princes will be able to do it.” The king of Qin followed his plan and saw that Wei Liao was very polite and had the same clothes and food as Liao. Xiao said: “The King of Qin is a man who is accurate as a bee, has long eyes, loves the sound of birds, and has the sound of jackals. He is rarely kind but has the heart of a tiger and a wolf. He is easy to get out of others, and he cannibalize people when he is frustrated. I am a commoner, but you see that I often go down. I sincerely disappoint the king of Qin and make him a captive.” The king of Qin felt that he was stationary and thought he was a lieutenant of the state of Qin, so he used his tactics. And Li Si used things.
In the eleventh year, Wang Jian, Huanjue, Yang Duanhe attacked Ye and captured nine cities. Wang Jian attacked Yanyu and Puyang, and they all formed one army. On the 18th day of General Jian’s reign, the army returned to Doushi. He pushed two people to join the army and captured Ye and Anyang. General Huanjue. In the twelfth year, Wenxin Hou Buwei passed away and was buried secretly. The Jin people will also expel the people who live in their houses if they come to them; the Qin people who have more than 600 shi will seize the title and move; those who have less than 500 shi will not come and move, and do not seize the title. From now on, those who conduct state affairs unethically, such as Lao Ai and Wei Wei, will be admitted to this sect and treated as such. In Autumn, the people of Fu Lai and She moved to Shu. At that time, there was a severe drought across the country, with rain from June to August.
In the thirteenth year, Huanjue attacked Zhao Pingyang, killed Zhao general Huju and beheaded 100,000 people. King of Henan. In the first month, the comet appears in the east. In October, Huanjie attacked Zhao. In the fourteenth year, he attacked the Zhao army in Pingyang, captured Yi’an, defeated it, and killed its general. Huan Jue settled in Pingyang and Wucheng. Han Fei sent Qin, Qin used Li Simou, Fei stayed, and Fei died.Shi Yunyang. The King of Han invites you to serve as a minister.
In the fifteenth year, a large-scale army was launched. One army went to Ye and the other to Taiyuan to capture Langmeng. Earthquake. In September of the 16th year, Han Nanyang, who was sent to receive his death, pretended to guard Teng. At the beginning of the year, men were ordered to read the New Year. Wei offered his land to Qin. Qin established Liyi. In the seventeenth year, Nei Shiteng attacked Han and captured King An of Han. He took in all his territory and made it a county, naming it Yingchuan. Earthquake. The Queen Mother of Huayang died. The people were famished.
On the eve of the 18th year, a large army was launched to attack Zhao. Wang Jian went to Di and went to Jingxing. Duanhe led Hanoi. Qiang Yu attacked Zhao and Duanhe surrounded Handan City. In the 19th year, Wang Jian and Qiang You decided to take Dongyang, the land of Zhao, and get the king of Zhao. He led his troops to attack Yan and settled in Zhongshan. In Handan, the king of Qin, all of them had a grudge against his mother’s family when the king was born in Zhao. The King of Qin returned from Taiyuan and Shangjun. The Queen Mother, the First Emperor’s son and mother, died. Zhao Gongzijia led several hundred people from his clan to act as the acting king. He joined forces with Yan in the east and marched up the valley. Great hunger.
In the 20th year, Prince Dan of Yan was worried about the Qin army coming to the country. He was afraid and sent Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin. The King of Qin realized that he was disloyal to Ke, and sent Wang Jian and Xin Sheng to attack Yan. Yan and Dai sent troops to attack the Qin army, and the Qin army broke through to the west of Yan Yishui. In the twenty-first year, Wang Ben attacked (Jing) [Jing]. Nai Yi sent troops to attack Wang Jian’s army, then defeated Prince Yan’s army and captured Yan Jicheng, the leader of Prince Dan. King Yan took over Liaodong and became the king. Wang Jian thanked him for returning home due to illness. Xinzheng rebelled. Lord Changping moved to Ying. Heavy rain and snow, two feet five inches deep.
In the 22nd year, Wang Ben attacked Wei and diverted rivers and ditches to irrigate Daliang. The city of Daliang was destroyed. The king asked to surrender and took all the land.
In the twenty-third year, the king of Qin summoned Wang Jian again, strengthened him, and sent his generals to attack Jing. Take the south of Chen to Pingyu and capture the King of Jing. King Qin traveled to Yingchen. Jing general Xiang Yan established Lord Changping as King of Jing and rebelled against Qin in Huainan. In the twenty-fourth year, Wang Jian and Meng Wu attacked Jing and defeated the Jing army. Lord Changping died, and Xiang Yan committed suicide.
In the twenty-fifth year, a large-scale army was launched, and General Wang Ben was sent to attack Yan and Liaodong, which made the King of Yan happy. He also attacked Dai and captured Wang Jia of Dai. Wang Jian then settled the land south of Jingjiang River, surrendered to Yuejun, and established Kuaiji County. In May, the world celebrates eve.
In the twenty-sixth year of the Qi Dynasty, King Jian of Qi and his prime minister sent troops to guard the western border of Qi, and they were unable to gain access to Qin. Qin sent General Wang Bi to attack Qi from Yannan and captured King Jian of Qi.
At the beginning of the Qin Dynasty, he unified the whole country and ordered the prime minister and censor to say: “In the future, the king of Han accepted the imperial seal and asked him to serve as a vassal. He has doubled the appointment and made an appointment with Zhao and Wei. He joined the Qin Dynasty, so he raised an army to kill him, and captured his king. I thought it was a good idea, and the common people stopped fighting. The king of Zhao sent his prime minister Li Mu to come to make an alliance, so he returned to his hostage, and rebelled against me in Taiyuan, so he raised an army to kill him. , and won the king. Zhao Gongzi established himself as the acting king, so he raised his troops to defeat him. King Wei then agreed to submit to Qin, and then he conspired with Han and Zhao to attack Qin. The Qin soldiers killed him and defeated him. To the west of Yang, they attacked our Nanjun, so they sent troops to kill the king, and then decided to conquer the Jing territory. The king of Yan was in chaos, and his prince Dan Naiyin ordered Jing Ke to be a thief. The soldiers killed the king of Qi. After using the victorious plan, the Qin envoys wanted to cause chaos, and the soldiers killed the king and leveled the land. I used my body to raise troops to suppress the rebellion.The spirit of the ancestral temple, the six kings fell into disgrace, and the world was at peace. If our name is not changed now, we cannot call it victory and pass it on to future generations. He discussed the emperor’s name. ” Prime Minister Wan, Yushi Dafu Jie, Ting Weisi and others all said: “In the past, the five emperors were located thousands of miles away, and the princes outside the country were subject to the barbarians and the princes, whether they were courting or not, the emperor could not control them. Today, Your Majesty has raised righteous troops, killed the remnants of thieves, and pacified the country. The whole country has been divided into prefectures and counties, and the laws are unified. This has never happened since ancient times, and it is beyond the reach of the five emperors. The ministers would like to discuss with the doctor: “In ancient times, there were emperors of heaven, emperors of earth, and emperors of Thailand. The emperor of Thailand was the most noble.” ’ When my ministers and others passed away, they were given the honorary title, and the king was called ‘Emperor Tai’. The order is called “Zhi”, the order is called “Edict”, and the emperor calls himself “I”. “The king said: “Go to ‘Tai’, take ‘Emperor’, adopt the ancient title of ‘Emperor’, and call it ‘Son of Heaven’. He agreed. “Zhi said: “Yes. “I pursued King Zhuang and Xiang as the Supreme Emperor. He said: “I heard that in the early days of Tai Dynasty, there was a title without a posthumous title. In the middle and ancient times, there was a title. After death, he was given a posthumous title. In this way, the son will discuss the father, and the minister will discuss the king. It is very meaningless, and I can’t take it. Since now, the posthumous method has been eliminated. I am the first emperor. Later generations will be counted, and the second and third generations will be counted for all generations, and will be passed down endlessly. ”
The first emperor of the Qin Dynasty promoted the inheritance of the five virtues from the beginning to the end, thinking that Zhou had the virtue of fire, and the virtue of Zhou in the Qin Dynasty was invincible. On the first day of the tenth lunar month, the banners and flags on the clothes were all black, the talisman and the crown were all six inches, and the horses were six feet, and the horses were riding six feet. At the beginning, everything depends on the law, and there is no mercy, kindness and righteousness, and then the five virtues are combined.
Prime Minister Wan and others said: “The princes have just been defeated, and the lands of Yan, Qi, and Jing are far away. There is no need to install a king or fill them in.” Please establish your disciples, only your Majesty will allow it. “The First Emperor discussed it with the ministers, and all the ministers thought it was convenient Ethiopia Sugar Daddy. Tingwei Li Si discussed it and said: “Zhou Wenwu said There were many descendants with the same surname, and then they became estranged and attacked each other like enemies. The princes even attacked each other, and the Zhou emperor could not stop them. Nowadays, all the seas are unified by His Majesty’s spirit, and they are all counties and counties. All the princes and heroes reward them heavily with public taxes and taxes, which is very easy to make. If the whole country has no objections, it is the art of peace. It is inconvenient for the princes. The First Emperor said: “The whole country is fighting hard and fighting endlessly, so that there are princes and kings.” Laizong Temple, the country was first settled and the country was re-established. This is how to build soldiers. How can it not be difficult to seek peace and tranquility for them? Ting Wei agreed. ”
The whole country is divided into thirty-six counties, and the counties are equipped with guards, lieutenants, and prison guards. The name was changed to PingYi Min said “Qianli”. Big drink. Collect all the soldiers from the whole country, gather them in Xianyang, sell them as Zhongqi, and have twelve golden figures. They weigh thousands of stones each and put them in the palace. A French-style weight stone weighs ten feet. The cars are on the same track. Books are the same as words. It extends from the sea to Korea in the east, to Lintao and Qiangzhong in the west, to Xianghu in the south, to the north by the river, and from the Yinshan Mountains to Liaodong. The 120,000 wealthy families who moved across the country lived in Xianyang. The temples, Zhangtai and Shanglin are all in Weinan. Every time the Qin Dynasty defeated the princes, they wrote and placed their palaces on the north bank of Xianyang, adjacent to Wei in the south, from the east of Yongmen to Jing and Wei. The princes, beauties, bells and drums obtained were used to charge the money.
In the twenty-seventh year, the First Emperor visited the western and northern areas of Longxi, left Jitoushan, and returned to the middle. Yan built the Xin Palace in Weinan and ordered the Xin Palace to be the Ji Temple, like the Heaven’s Ji. The road from Jiji Temple leads to Lishan Mountain and serves as the front hall of Ganquan. The construction of corridors began in Xianyang. At this age, I will be given a first-level title. Govern Chi Road.
In the twenty-eighth year, the First Emperor traveled eastward to prefectures and counties and went up to Mount Zoyi. He set up stones and discussed with the Confucian scholars of Lu, carved stones to praise the virtues of Qin, and discussed the matter of ennobling Zen and worshiping the mountains and rivers. Then he went up to Mount Tai, set up stones, sealed them, and worshiped in the temple. When the storm came, I rested under a tree, because I named the tree the Five Great Masters. Zen Liangfu. The words engraved on the stone are:
The emperor came to the throne, made the law, and his ministers repaired it. In the sixth year of the twenty-sixth year, at the beginning of the annexation of the whole country, he was not convinced. Personally visit the people in distant places, climb Mount Tai, and tour the East Pole. Follow the ministers’ deeds, originate from the foundation of the cause, and only recite the good deeds. The way of governance is running smoothly, and all productions are appropriate, and there are laws and regulations. The great righteousness will last forever, and it will be passed down to future generations. Don’t let it go. The emperor bowed to the throne, not only brought peace to the world, but also worked tirelessly to govern. Work hard and sleep day and night, build long-term benefits, and specialize in teaching. The scriptures are taught and promulgated, and they are clear from far and near, and inherit the holy will. There is a clear distinction between high and low, men and women should be courteous, and obey their duties carefully. Zhao separates the inside and outside, and the waste is not pure, and it is given to the heirs. It will evolve into infinity, inherit the imperial edict, and carry on the precepts forever.
So we went to the east of Bohai, passed Huang and Fu, and reached a mountainous area. We climbed the furrow and set up a stone to praise Qin Deyan.
Nandenglangxie, great joy, stay for three months. Then he moved to Qianli, with 30,000 households, under Langxietai, where he was twelve years old again. Build the Langye Terrace and erect stone carvings to praise Qin’s virtues, which will make you proud. Said:
In the twenty-eighth year of Wei, the emperor made the beginning. Duanping French style, the order of all things. To clarify personnel affairs, contract between father and son. Sage, wisdom, benevolence and righteousness, reveal the truth. Push the east to the east to save the soldiers. When the matter was over, we came to the sea. The merit of an emperor is hard work and ability. After Shangnong was eliminated, Qianli became rich. All over the world, we are united in our hearts and minds. A measuring instrument is the same as writing a book. The sun and moon illuminate it, and the ship carries it. Everyone lives their lives, and everyone is content with it. It is Emperor Wei who takes action at the right time. Kuang ordered different customs, and the Lingshui passed through the land. I care about Guizhou and Li and work tirelessly day and night. To eliminate doubts and determine the method, Xian Zhi has established it. Fang Bo divided his duties and governed the Book of Changes. If you make a mistake, you will be punished. There is nothing better than painting. The emperor’s wisdom is present in all directions. No matter how noble or humble you are, you should not exceed your limits. No evil or evil will be tolerated, all must be chaste and good. Work hard and don’t dare to neglect. He is far away from home and specializes in solemnizing the village. Be upright and loyal, and have a steady career. The virtue of the emperor is stored in the four extremes. Put an end to chaos and eliminate harm, bring benefits and bring happiness. When things are done at the right time, all kinds of things will happen. Guizhou and Li are at peace and there is no need for military revolution. The six relatives protect each other, and there will be no bandits or thieves. HuanI appreciate the teachings and know all the laws. Within Liuhe, the land of the emperor. It wades through the quicksand in the west and ends in the north in the south. There is the East China Sea in the east and Daxia in the north. Wherever people go, there is no one who is not loyal to him. His merits are as great as those of the Five Emperors, and his merits are as great as those of cattle and horses. Everyone is virtuous and everyone is in his own place.
The king of Wei Qin controlled the whole country and was known as the Son of Heaven. The princes of Wucheng, Wang Li, the princes of Tongwu, Wang Ben, the princes of Lun, Jiancheng, Zhaohai, Lunhou, Changwuhoucheng, Lunhou, Wuxinhou, Feng Wuze, Prime Minister Wei Lin, Prime Minister Wang Wan, Qing Li Si, Qing Wang Wu, and the five great ministers Zhao Ying and the fifth official Yang Zicong discussed it at sea. Said: “The ancient emperors’ land was no more than a thousand miles away, and the princes each maintained their own territory, either in court or not. They invaded and rioted with each other, and the exterminations continued. They still carved gold and stone to express themselves as Ji Xue’s domineering saying… The Five Emperors and Three of the Ancients King, the knowledge and teachings are different, the laws are unclear, and the ghosts and gods pretend to be powerful, but they are not worthy of the name. Therefore, he is still alive, and the princes are rebelling. Today, the princes and counties are united in one sea, and the whole country is at war. . In the Zhaoming Ancestral Temple, the emperor’s good deeds were engraved on gold and stone, and the people of Qi were all honored. Xu Shi and others wrote a letter saying that there are three sacred mountains in the sea, named Penglai, Abbot, and Yingzhou, where gods live. Please fast and ask for it from the virgins. So thousands of young men and women from the Xu market were sent into the sea to seek gods.
The First Emperor returned, passed through Pengcheng, fasted and prayed at the temple, and wanted to leave Zhouding Surabaya. Thousands of people were left without water and asked for it, but they couldn’t get it. It crosses the Huai River from the northeast to Hengshan and Nanjun. Float across the river to Xiangshan Temple. In strong winds, it is almost impossible to cross. The doctor was asked: “The God of Xiangjun?” The doctor replied: “I heard that Yao’s daughter, Shun’s wife, was buried here.” So the First Emperor was furious and ordered three thousand prisoners to cut down the trees in Xiangshan, and the ocher Its mountains. He came from Nanjun and returned from Wuguan.
In the 29th year, the First Emperor traveled eastward. Zhiyangwu Bolangsha, was frightened by thieves. If you don’t get it, you will have to ask for ten days for the whole country.
Climb the fu and carve the stone. The words said:
In the 29th year of Wei Dynasty, it was in the middle of spring, when Yanghe Fang was rising. The emperor traveled eastward, patrolled and ascended the fu, and illuminated the sea. From the minister’s perspective, the original thoughts are gone, and the original thoughts are recited. The great sage governs, establishes rules and regulations, and shows the rules and regulations. The princes who taught foreign religions only showed kindness and kindness, and explained principles and principles. When the six kingdoms returned to the throne, they were greedy and ruthless, and they continued to torture and kill. The emperor mourned the crowd, so he attacked his teachers and promoted martial virtue. The righteousness punishes the faithful and the conduct is strong, and everyone is impressed by the power. Kill the violence, revive Guizhou and Li, and set the four extremes in Zhou Dynasty. The Dharma is spread across the whole country, and it will always be the rule of etiquette. What a great day! In Yu County, we must obey the holy will. When the ministers recite meritorious deeds, please engrave them on stone and display them as usual.
Looking eastward, he said:
In the 29th year of Wei Dynasty, the emperor went on a spring trip to visit the distant provinces. He was caught on the coast of the sea, then boarded the furrow and showed himself to the rising sun. Watch Guangli, follow my ministers and think about it, the original way is clear. When the Holy Law was first established, the country was cleansed internally and the violent and powerful were punished externally. The power of martial arts is smooth, vibrating to the four extremes, and the birds can destroy the six kings. Expound and unite the whole country, the sterilization will cease, and the army will be suppressed forever. The emperor is virtuous, the manager is Yu Nei, and he is not lazy in hearing and listening. Establish great righteousness and show off equipmentThe weapon has a flag. Officials obey their duties, each knows what to do, and there is no suspicion in everything. The changes in Guizhou and Li are similar to those far and near, and they are unique in ancient times. The permanent duties are established, and the descendants will follow the path and inherit the holy rule. All the ministers are virtuous and only recite the Holy Martyr, please carve it.
Spin, then Langxie, the party advances on the road.
Thirty years, nothing happened.
In December of the 31st year, the name was changed to “Jiaping”. Grant six stones of rice and two sheep in Lili, Guizhou. The First Emperor was on a small trip to Xianyang, together with four soldiers. When he went out at night, he encountered a thief in the Orchid Pond. Rice and stone are one thousand six hundred.
In the thirty-second year, the First Emperor’s Jieshi made Lu Sheng, a Yan native, seek the Xianmen and swear an oath. Carved stone gate. If the city is damaged, the embankment must be cleared. His speech said:
Then he set up an army to kill those who were unruly, and to destroy the rebellion. Wu died violently and rebelliously, Wen recovered his innocence, and the common people were convinced. Hui discusses merit, rewards cattle and horses, and fertilizes the land. The emperor was vigorous and powerful, his virtue merged with the princes, and the first day of peace was peaceful. The city walls were destroyed, the river defenses were cleared, and the enemy was forced to move towards dangerous obstacles. The terrain is established, the common people in Li are free from Yao, and the whole country is protected by salt. Men enjoy their duties, women cultivate their careers, and everything is in order. Benefit from all properties, come to the fields together for a long time, no one will be uneasy. The ministers chanted the martyrdom, please carve this stone and hang it with ceremony.
Because Han Zhong, Hou Gong and Shi Sheng were asked to seek immortality medicine. The First Emperor patrolled the north and entered from Shangjun. Lu Sheng of the Yan people sent an envoy to the sea to return, and reported ghosts and gods. Because of the memorial book Ethiopia Sugar Daddy, it was said that “Hu Ye was the one who destroyed Qin”. The First Emperor ordered General Meng Tian to send 300,000 troops to attack the Hu north and capture Henan.
In the thirty-third year, the people of Luliang were sent to seize the lands of Luliang and Guilin, Xiangjun, and Nanhai, so that they could be sent to garrison. Expelled the Xiongnu from the southeast. From Yuzhong to the east of the Binghe River, it belongs to the Yinshan Mountains, which are considered as (3) [4] fourteen counties, and the city river is blocked. He also sent Meng Tian across the river to take Gaoque, (Tao) [Yang] Mountain, and Beijiazhong, and build pavilions and barriers to drive away the Rong people. Relegated to Shizhichu County. No temple is allowed. Stars come from the East. In the thirty-fourth year, it was suitable to punish the jailers who were not straight, and built the Great Wall and South Vietnam.
The First Emperor set up wine in Xianyang Palace, and the doctor lived in front of seventy people. Servant Zhou Qingchen went into the song and said: “At that time, the land of Qin was only a thousand miles away. It was thanks to your majesty’s spirit and sage that he pacified the sea and exiled the barbarians. Under the light of the sun and moon, everyone was subdued. With the princes as counties and counties, everyone lived in peace and contentment, and there was no war.” The trouble has been passed down to all generations. Since ancient times, it has been inferior to His Majesty’s might and virtue.” The First Emperor was pleased. Dr. Qi Ren Chunyu Yuejin said: “I heard that King Yin Zhouzhi was more than a thousand years old, and he was named a hero of his descendants, and he became a branch assistant. Now your majesty is in the country, and his descendants are ordinary men. He has Tian Chang and Liu Qing’s ministers at his death, and he has no help. How can he help each other? It is unheard of for people to be able to live long without following the ancients.It is not a treacherous minister to be serious about His Majesty’s faults. “The First Emperor made his proposal. Prime Minister Li Si said: “The five emperors will not be reunited, and the three generations will not attack each other. Each of them governs according to its own rule. It is not the opposite, as it changes from time to time. Your Majesty has created great achievements and accomplished eternal achievements, which is beyond the knowledge of foolish scholars. Moreover, Yue Yan is a matter of three generations, so what is the legal basis? At the same time, the princes competed with each other and recruited many people to study abroad. Tomorrow has been decided, and a law will come out. The people who are in charge of their own affairs will work hard as farmers and workers, and the scholars will learn the laws and overcome the prohibitions. People in today’s world do not learn from the present but learn from the ancients, because they are not contemporary and will confuse and confuse Guizhou and Li. The prime minister, Si Mo, said: In ancient times, the country was in disarray, and no one could be unified. Therefore, the princes worked together, and they all talked about the past to harm the present. They used false words to confuse the reality. People are good at what they learn privately, and they are not superior. established. Today, there is not only a whole world, but one is determined by words and deeds. Studying privately and communicating with each other is not in line with the laws and teachings. When people hear the order, they will discuss it based on their learning. If they go in, they will have bad intentions, and if they go out, they will discuss it in the streets. They will praise the master as a name, take something different as a high one, and lead the group to create slander. If this is not forbidden, the main force will be lowered from above, and the party will be lowered. Forbidden convenience. I asked the historians and non-Qin scribes to burn them. If anyone who is not a doctorate official in the country dares to hide poems, books, or hundreds of schools of thought, he will be burned by Yi Shou and Wei Za. Anyone who dared to write poems and calligraphy abandoned the market. A clan that is different from the past. Anyone who fails to take action upon seeing an official will be guilty of the same crime. It is ordered not to burn for thirty days, but to be tattooed on Chengdan. Those who don’t go there are books about medicine, divination and planting trees. If you want to learn the rules, take officials as your teachers. “Zhi said: “Yes. “
In the thirty-fifth year, except for Dao, Dao Jiuyuan arrived in Yunyang, with mountains and valleys running through it. So the First Emperor thought that there were many people in Xianyang, and the palace of the previous king was small. , I heard that King Wen of Zhou Dynasty was in Feng, and King Wu was in Hao. Feng Hao was also the capital of the emperor. The palace was built in the Shanglin Garden in Weinan. The front hall was built first, with a space of 500 steps from east to west and 50 feet from north to south. There was room for sitting on it. Ten thousand people can build a five-foot-long banner. It is a pavilion road from your highness to Nanshan. It is a complex road from the top of Nanshan Mountain. The palace was not yet completed. When it was completed, it was renamed the palace, so it was called Afang Palace throughout the country. The more than 700,000 people who were imprisoned in the Hidden Palace were divided into Epang Palace and Lishan Shicoffin. , It was written that all the land and materials in Shu and Jing were arrived. Three hundred palaces were planned in the pass, and more than four hundred were built outside the pass. Therefore, they set up stone in the east gate of Qin, and moved 30,000 families to Liyi and 50,000 to Yunyang. Not ten years old.
Lu Sheng said to the First Emperor: “I often encounter those who ask for strange medicines and immortals, but these things are harmless. In the middle of the square, when the person is in charge, he goes slightly to ward off the evil spirits. When the evil spirits ward off, the real person arrives. If the master lives and the ministers know about it, it will harm the gods. A true person is not wet when exposed to water, does not experience heat when exposed to fire, and the Qi of mausoleum clouds stays with the heaven and earth for a long time. Today, when I govern the whole country, I cannot be content with it. I wish no one would know where I live in the palace, and then the medicine of immortality will be available. So the First Emperor said: “I admire the real person and call myself ‘the real person’, not ‘I’.” “He ordered the inner palaces 200 miles away from Xianyang to be connected with 270 corridors and corridors. The curtains, bells, drums and beauties were filled with curtains, and all the cases and offices would not be moved. Fortunately, those who said their places would die. The first emperor Fortunately, at Liangshan Palace, I saw the Prime Minister’s chariot and his cavalry coming from the mountain. It was not a good idea. Someone in the crowd might have told the Prime Minister, but the Prime Minister later damaged the chariot and his cavalry. “Don’t give in when asked about the case. At that time, everyone who was around at that time was ordered to be arrested and killed. From now on, don’t give in.”The place of knowing and doing. After listening to the matter, the ministers received the decision and reported it to Xianyang Palace.
. Full-time jailer, the jailer is lucky to have relatives. Although there are seventy doctors, the prime minister and other ministers are all in charge of success. dare Be loyal. If you don’t hear it, you will become arrogant. If you don’t use the Qin law, you will die. Dare to speak up All the matters in the world are decided by the emperor, even if they are weighed with a stone, they will be measured day and night. If they are not successful, they will not be able to rest. If they are greedy for power, they will not be able to seek elixir. ” So he died. When the First Emperor heard about his death, he was furious and said: “I have collected all the books from all over the world that are of no use. I have summoned a large number of literary magicians in order to promote peace, and the magicians want to practice in order to find strange medicines. Now I heard that the Han people If you don’t report it, Xu Shi and others will spend huge amounts of money, but in the end they won’t get the medicine, and they will report it to Lu Sheng and others. He is very generous, and now he is slandering me because he is not virtuous. I will send someone to inquire about those who were born in Xianyang, or they may cause chaos in Guizhou and Li.” So I asked the censor to inquire about the cases and pass them on. After informing each other, more than 460 people who violated the ban were eliminated and they were all imprisoned in Xianyang to make the whole country aware of them and punish those who followed. More and more banished to the border. Fusu, the eldest son of the First Emperor, admonished: “The country has been settled for the first time. Far away, Guizhou and Li have not gathered. All living beings are reciting the Dharma of Confucius. Now I attach great importance to the Dharma and the rope. I am afraid that the whole country will be uneasy. I can only go up to observe it.” The First Emperor was angry and sent Fusu to Meng Tian, the northern prisoner, was in Shangjun.
Thirty-six years, I have been obsessed with keeping my heart. A falling star descended to Dongjun and turned into a stone when it reached the ground. Qianli may have carved the stone and said, “The emperor died and the ground was divided.” When the First Emperor heard about it, he sent his censors to question him, but he refused to accept it. He took out all the stones and killed the people who were living nearby, and then burned the stones. The First Emperor was not happy, so he sent the doctor to write poems for immortals and immortals, and traveled around the country, sending orders to musicians to sing and sing them. In autumn, the envoy from Guandong passed through Pingshu Road in Huayin at night. Someone was holding a bib to cover the envoy and said, “I am the one who left you, the Lord of Guchi.” Because of this, he said, “Zulong passed away this year.” The envoy asked the reason, but he suddenly disappeared and left the envoy The jade is gone. The envoy was given a jade instrument to listen to. The first emperor was silent for a long time and said: “The mountain ghost can only know the things of one year old.” He retreated and said: “The ancestor of the dragon is the ancestor of mankind.” He made the imperial palace look at the jade, and it was sunk by crossing the river in the 28th year. Biye. So the First Emperor made a divination, and the hexagram was auspicious for traveling. Thirty thousand families moved to Yuzhong, Beihe. First level of knighthood.
In October of the thirty-seventh year of Guichou, the First Emperor went on a trip. The prime minister on the left followed, and the prime minister on the right went to guard. The young son Hu Hai admired him and asked him to follow him, so he agreed to it. In November, I went to Yunmeng to see Yu Shun worshiping at Jiuyi Mountain. Under the floating river, I watched Ji Ke and crossed the sea to Zhuhai. Pass Danyang and arrive at Qiantang. Near Zhejiang, the water is rough, so we have to cross the narrow road a hundred and twenty miles west. He went to Kuaiji to offer sacrifices to Yu the Great, looked at the South China Sea, and erected stone carvings praising the virtues of Qin. The article says:
The emperor is strong, peaceful, and virtuous. Thirty-seven years later, I personally toured the country and visited distant places. Then he went to Kuaiji to announce the provincial customs and Zhai Village in Qianli. The ministers recited meritorious deeds, which were derived from their fundamental deeds and pursued the path to perfection. When Qin Sheng came to the country, he began to determine the names of punishments, which showed the old rules. Chuping Dharma,Examine different duties to establish permanence. The six kings were especially powerful, greedy, ruthless, arrogant and fierce, leading the people to strengthen themselves. He acts cruelly and recklessly, and is arrogant despite his strength. Yin Tong Xian makes things consistent and acts in a new way. There are deceptions inside, and external invasions on the border, causing disaster. The righteousness and power will be punished, the violent rebellion will be extinguished, and the rebels will be destroyed. Holy virtue is vast and dense, and it is boundless in the world. The Son of Heaven is in harmony with the universe, listening to all things at the same time, making everything clear both far and near. Manage things, test facts, and record their names. The noble and the humble are both connected, good and bad are revealed, and there is a hidden secret in everything. Decorating the province to declare righteousness, marrying with a son is twice as unfaithful as death. Prevent the separation between the inside and outside, stop sexual immorality, and make men and women live sincerely. My husband sent me a pig, so I killed him without any guilt, because he was a man of justice. The wife ran away from marriage, and the son lost his mother, so he became honest and honest. In the great era of cleaning customs, the whole world inherited the trend, and Meng was menopausal. Everyone obeys the rules, is harmonious, and does not disobey orders. When Qianli repairs his house, people enjoy the same things, and Jiabao maintains peace. Later, he respected the Dharma, always governed without limit, and kept his ship from capsizing. I would like to engrave this stone as a tribute to my sincerity.
After returning to Wu, take the ferry across the river. And the sea, north to Langye. The sorcerer Xu Shi and others went into the sea to seek the magic medicine, but they couldn’t get it after several years. They spent a lot of money and were afraid of punishment, so they deceived and said: “Penglai medicine can be obtained, but it is often suffered by big mackerel fish, so it can’t come. I hope you can get it with me.” , if you see it, shoot it with a crossbow. “The First Emperor dreamed of fighting with the sea god, looking like a human being. When asked about the dream, the doctor said: “The water god is invisible, waiting for the big fish and dragon. Today, I pray to the temple carefully, and if there is such an evil god, I should get rid of it, and the good god can come.” He ordered those who entered the sea to pray. He uses gear to catch giant fish and waits for the big fish to shoot with his crossbow. From the north of Langye to Rongcheng Mountain, you can’t see it. When he reached Zhifu, he saw a giant fish and shot one. Then merged with Haixi.
He got sick in Pingyuanjin. The First Emperor spoke harshly of his death, but none of his ministers dared to speak of his death. He recovered greatly from his illness, so he wrote a seal to his son Fusu, saying: “I will be buried in Xianyang with the funeral party.” The letter was sealed and said. , at the office of Zhao Gaoxing Fu Xi, the official of the CRRC Government, no envoy was given. On Bingyin in the seventh month, the First Emperor died on the sand dune platform. Since the prime minister passed away, he was afraid that there would be changes among the princes and the whole country, so he kept it secret and did not announce his mourning. The coffin was carried in a carriage, so the eunuchs who were lucky enough to ride in it were given the best food. Officials are performing their duties as before, and eunuchs often come to watch them from their carriages. The only son Hu Hai, Zhao Gao and five or six other eunuchs fortunately died. Zhao Gao tried to teach Hu Hai Shu and prison laws and regulations, but Hu Hai was lucky enough to teach him. Gao Nai conspired with his son Hu Hai and Prime Minister Si to break the seal issued by the First Emperor to grant his son Fu Su, and even deceived Prime Minister Si to accept the imperial edict from the First Emperor in Shaqiu and make his son Hu Hai the crown prince. He also wrote a letter to his sons Fusu and Mengtian, and punished them for their crimes, and (them) died. The language device is in the Life of Lis. OK, we arrived at Jiuyuan from Jingxing. During the summer heat, the carriage smelled bad, so he ordered the officials to load the carriage with a stone of abalone to disturb the smell.
Walking along the straight road to Xianyang, mourning. Prince Hu Hai ascended the throne and became the second emperor. In September, the First Emperor was buried in Lishan Mountain. When the First Emperor came to the throne, he passed through Li Mountain and conquered the whole country. More than 700,000 people from the whole country were sent to visit, pass through three springs, lower copper into coffins, and the palaces were filled with hundreds of officials, rare utensils, and strange treasures. He ordered the craftsmen to make crossbow arrows and shoot at those who came close. Use mercury as a hundred rivers and seas, imbued with structure, with geography at the top and geography at the bottom. Use mermaid ointment as a candle to save those who are immortal for a long time. The Second Emperor said: “If the emperor has no sons in the harem, it would be inappropriate to leave.” They all ordered him to die.Many people died. Now that the burial has been carried out, or if the craftsmen are the reason, everyone knows about it, and Zang Zhong will be released immediately. After the important event has been completed, Zang has been locked up, and he has closed the Zhongxian. The trees and grass resemble mountains.
The first year of the Second Emperor, twenty-one years. Zhao Gao was appointed as Lang Zhongling and appointed to various positions. The second emperor issued an edict to increase the number of sacrifices in the temple of the First Emperor and the rituals of hundreds of landscape sacrifices. The ministers were asked to respect the Shihuang Temple. All the ministers paused and said: “In ancient times, the emperor had seven temples, five princes, and three great officials. Although they will not be destroyed for eternity, the first emperor is the ultimate temple. All the people from all over the world have contributed their services, increased their sacrifices, and prepared all the rituals.” , no need to add. The emperor’s temple was either in Xiyong or in Xianyang. Since Duke Xiang has destroyed it, all the ministers have entered the temple. The Imperial Temple is the ancestral temple of the emperor. The emperor once again called himself “I”. The second generation and Zhao Gaomou said: “I was young when I first came to the throne, and the late Emperor Qian Li did not join me.” Patrolling the counties to show strength and subjugate the country. Now that Yan Ran is not patrolling, he will see that he is weak and will not serve the country. “In the spring, the second generation traveled east to the counties, Li Sicong. Go to Jieshi, merge with the sea, and go to Kuaiji in the south, and carve all the stones built by the First Emperor. Next to the stone are the names of ministers and followers, in order to mark the victory and great virtue of the first emperor:
The emperor said: “The inscriptions on gold and stone are all done by the first emperor. Today, the title and inscriptions on gold and stone are not called the first emperor. In the long run, he will be like the successor who did it, and he will not be called the great virtue of victory.” Prime Minister Si, I go to Ji, The imperial censor, Chen Demei, said: “I would like to engrave the imperial edict on stone, because it is clear. I would like to ask you to die.” Zhi said: “Yes.”
Then he returned to Liaodong.
So the second generation followed Zhao Gao and Shen’s rules. Naiyin and Zhao Gaomou said: “The ministers are not convinced, the officials are still strong, and the princes will fight with me, what can I do?” Gao said, “I am willing to speak but do not dare. The ministers of the late emperor, They are all famous people in the world, and their merits have been passed down from generation to generation for a long time. Your Majesty is honored to commend you to the high position and put you in charge of the affairs of the country. . The purpose of going out now is not to punish those who are guilty in current cases, but to uphold the authority of the whole country, and to eliminate those who have failed in their lifetimes. Now, I hope that your majesty will follow suit without any doubts. , that is, the ministers are unable to plan. If the emperor of the Ming Dynasty collects and promotes the remaining people, the humble ones will be valued, the poor ones will be rich, and those who are far away will be gathered together and the country will be safe. As for the other princes, they arrested Sanlang, a young official, for their crimes, and none of them could be promoted. The sixth prince was killed in Du. The son imprisoned Lu Kun and his three brothers in the inner palace to discuss their crime of being the only queen. The second envoy ordered General Lu to say: “If you disobey me, you will be punished by death, and the officials will not obey the law.” Jiang Lu said: “I have never dared not to obey the guests’ praise for the courtesy of Queting; I have never dared to neglect the position of Langmiao. Also, I don’t dare to refuse when I am ordered to do so. What does it mean to be disobedient? “I am willing to die after hearing the crime.” The messenger said, “I am not allowed to cooperate with you.” The general looked up to the sky and shouted, “God.” Huh! I’m not guilty!” All three of Kundi shed tears and drew their swords to commit suicide. The clan was frightened. The ministers and admonishers thought it was slander, and the high officials held their salaries and favors, and Qian and Li were frightened.
In April, the second emperor returned to Xianyang and said: “The late emperor was the youngest member of the Xianyang court, so he built the Epang Palace as a living room. Before he was done, the palace collapsed and the author was dismissed. It is not unreasonable for him to think so. Yes, because although Miss Lan was hurt by the theft on the mountain and her marriage was broken up, she is the daughter of the scholar’s house after all, and she is also the scholar’s only child. It was Emperor Zhang’s fault. “It was restored to Afang Palace.” To pacify the foreign barbarians is like the plan of the First Emperor. All 50,000 of his talents were recruited to garrison Xianyang, and he was ordered to teach how to shoot dogs, horses, and wild animals. When there are many people to eat and there is a shortage of food, the counties are lowered to transport millet and cud, and they are all ordered to provide grain themselves. No food can be eaten within three hundred miles of Xianyang. The usage is profound. In July, the defender Chen Sheng and others rebelled against the old Jingdi and became “Zhang Chu”. Sheng established himself as the king of Chu, settled in Chen, and sent his generals to invade the territory. The young men in the counties and counties of Shandong were bitter against the officials of Qin. They all killed their guards and ordered the prime ministers to rebel in response to Chen She. They established each other as marquises and kings and joined forces in Xixiang. They were called “attacking Qin”. They were countless. Those who pay homage are sent to the east, and those who rebel are heard for two generations. The second generation was angry and sent down officials. Later, the envoy arrived and asked, “The thieves were captured by the county guards one after another. Now they have all been captured, so there is nothing to worry about.” Shang Yue said. Wu Chen established himself as King of Zhao, Wei Jiu as King of Wei, and Tian Dan as King of Qi. Pei Gong rises to Pei. Xiang Liang raised his troops in Kuaiji County.
In the winter of the second year, Chen She sent Zhou Zhang and other generals to the west to Xi, with hundreds of thousands of soldiers. The second generation was frightened at night, and he conspired with his ministers, “What’s wrong?” Zhang Han, the young man, said, “The thieves have arrived, and they are all strong. Now they can’t reach the county. There are many disciples in Lishan. Please pardon them and send troops to them.” Attack him.” The second emperor granted a general amnesty to the whole country and sent General Zhang Han to defeat Zhou Zhang’s army and leave, then killed Zhang Caoyang. The second generation Yi sent the commanders Shi Sima Xin and Dong Yi to assist Zhang Han to attack the bandits, kill Chen Shengcheng’s father, defeat Xiang Liang and Ding Tao, and destroy Wei Jiu and Linji. The famous bandit general in Chu had died, so Zhang Han crossed the river north and attacked King Zhao Xie as a giant deer.
Zhao Gao said to the Second Emperor: “The first emperor ruled the country for a long time, so the officials did not dare to do anything wrong or engage in heresy. Now that your majesty is rich in age and has just ascended the throne, what should I do with it?” Is it wrong for the ministers to decide the matter? The emperor called me, but he didn’t hear it. “So the second generation always stayed in the palace to decide everything. Afterwards, the minister hoped to see the court, and the number of thieves increased, and the soldiers from Guanzhong went east to attack the thieves. The Prime Minister on the right went to Ji, the Prime Minister on the left Si, and the general Feng Jie came to remonstrate: “Thieves from the east of Guandong arose together, and Qin sent troops to attack them. Many of them were killed, but they still did not stop. There were many thieves, and they all had a hard time guarding canals. It’s a big tax day. Please stop the author of Afang Palace and save the garrison on all sides.” The second generation said: “I heard that Han Zi said: ‘Yao and Shun did not scrape the rafters, and did not cut the grass. Although the gate of the prison is maintained, it is not important. Yu carved the dragon gate to open the river and pavilion, and released it into the sea. Those who have the country as their own can indulge in wanton desires. They respect the law and do not dare to do wrong in order to control the sea. The rulers of Fu Yu and Xia, who are noble as emperors and live in poverty, favor the common people. How can they care about the law? ? I respect the Wan Chai, but I want to build a Thousand Chariots, and Wan Chao’s chariots, to serve as my name. The former emperor raised the princes and took over the whole country. You are satisfied with the chapter, and you can see that the achievements of the late emperor are in order. It has been two years since I came to the throne.A group of thieves are rising together, and you are unable to stop them, and you want to undo what the late emperor did. If you don’t repay the late emperor first, and if you don’t do your loyalty to me next time, why are you still in office? “Go down to Ji, Si, and rob the officials, and accuse him of his crime. Go to Ji and Jie and say, “The general will not disgrace him.” “Suicide. If the soldiers are imprisoned, they will be punished with five punishments.
In the third year, Zhang Han and others surrounded Julu with his soldiers. General Xiang Yu of Chu sent his soldiers to rescue Julu. In winter, Zhao Gao As the prime minister, Li Si was killed. Xia, Zhang Han and others were defeated in battle. The second emperor sent people to Han, but Han was frightened. Zhao Gaofu saw him, but he was frightened and died. The enemy could not catch him. Xin Jianhan said: “Zhao Gao is in charge of his work. If the general has merit, he will be punished, and if he fails, he will be punished.” “Xiang Yu attacked the Qin army quickly and captured the king. Han and others then surrendered to the princes. In the eighth month of Jihai, Zhao Gao wanted to cause chaos, but was afraid that the officials would not listen, so he set up a test first and offered a deer to the second generation, saying: ” Horse too. The second generation laughed and said, “The Prime Minister is mistaken?” Call a deer a horse. “Asked about the left and right, the left and right may be silent, or they may say that the horse will obey the Zhao Gao. Or they may say the deer (who), because the person in the shadow who talks about the deer will follow the law. All the ministers are afraid of heights.
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Gao Qian said several times, “There is no way to steal from Guandong.” When Xiang Yu captured Qin General Wang Li and other giant deer, Zhang Han and other troops retreated, and wrote to ask for help. Yan, Zhao, Qi, Chu, Han, and Wei all established themselves as kings. From the east of the pass, the Qin officials responded to the princes. The princes led their troops to Xixiang and massacred tens of thousands of people in Wuguan. The world is angry, and his body is punished, but he refuses to show up. The second generation dreamed that a white tiger bit his left stallion and killed him. He was unhappy and asked the dream divination: “Jingshui is evil.” “The second generation was fasting in Kanyi Palace, wanting to ancestral Jing and sink the four white horses. The envoy asked Gao to do the thieving. Gao was afraid. Nai Yin and his son-in-law Xianyang ordered Yan Le and his brother Zhao Chengmou to say: “The superior will not listen to advice. This matter is urgent and I want to blame my clan for the trouble. If I want to put it on the throne easily, I will make my son Ying. Ziying was benevolent and frugal, and his words were recorded in the world. “The doctor ordered the lieutenant to act as an internal response, and he pretended that there was a big thief. He ordered Le to summon the officials and soldiers to pursue and rob Le’s mother and put her in a high house. He sent Le’s generals and more than a thousand people to the gate of Kanyi Palace, bound the guards and ordered their servants to shoot, saying “Thieves are here, why don’t they stop?” “Wei Ling said: “Zhou Lu is very cautious in setting up soldiers. How can thieves dare to enter the palace? “Le then killed the guard order, led the officials straight forward, and shot. The officials were shocked. Some walked or blocked, and those who blocked often died. Dozens of people died. The doctor ordered to advance with Yue, and shot at the people sitting on the curtains. The second generation was angry and summoned the officials. They were all in a panic. There was an eunuch nearby, but the servant did not dare to go in. The second generation said, “Why don’t you sue me?” Even this! The eunuch said: “I dare not speak, so I get it all.” The blue bird made the fleas speak, and they were all killed. How can we be safe now? “Yan Leqian, the second generation, said: “One step is arrogant and unruly, and the whole country is on the same side. The second generation asked, “Can I see the Prime Minister?” Le said, “No way.” The second generation said, “I would like to have a county as my king.” ” Fu Xu. He also said: “I would like to be the Marquis of Ten Thousand Households. Fu Xu said: “I would like to be a Qianli with my wife, as compared to all my sons.” “Yan Le said: “I was ordered by the Prime Minister to kill one of my subordinates for the sake of the whole country. Although my subordinates spoke too much, I dare not retaliate. “He led his troops forward. The second generation committed suicide.
Yan Le returned to report to Zhao Gao. Zhao Gao then summoned all the ministers and princes to report the execution of the second generation. He said: “Qin The old kingdom, the first emperorThe whole country, so he was called emperor. Now that the six kingdoms have regained their independence, the land of Qin has become smaller and smaller, so it is impossible to name the emperor empty. It is appropriate to be a king as before. “I established the second son’s brother, son Ying, as the king of Qin. He buried the second son Dunan in Yichun Garden with Qianli. He ordered Ziying to go to the temple to see him and receive the king’s seal. After five days of fasting, Ziying and his son conspired and said: ” Prime Minister Gao killed the second generation to see the Yi palace. He was afraid that the officials would punish him, so he established me with justice. I heard that Zhao Gaonai made an agreement with Chu to destroy the Qin clan and become king of Guanzhong. Now I am allowed to live in the temple. This person wants to kill me for being in the temple. If I call you sick, the prime minister will definitely come and kill him when he comes. Gao sent people to invite Zi Ying for several generations, but Zi Ying refused. Gao Guo went there and said, “The ancestral temple is important, so why not, Wang Nai?” Ziying then assassinated Gao Zhaigong, and the Gao family of the three tribes favored Xianyang. On the forty-sixth day of Ziying’s reign as king of Qin, Chu general Pei Gong defeated the Qin army and entered Wuguan. He then went to Ba Shang and made an appointment to surrender Ziying. Ziying Then he tied the neck to form a white horse and a plain chariot, and carried the emperor’s seal and talisman, and descended to the side of Zhi Road. Pei Gong then entered Xianyang, sealed the palace and the treasury, and returned to the army for more than a month. When the soldiers of the princes arrived, Xiang Ji was appointed commander and his son was killed. Ying and the clans of the princes of Qin then slaughtered Xian Yang, burned their palaces, captured their descendants, and collected their treasures and goods. After the Qin was destroyed, the princes were divided into three groups, named King Yong, King Sai, and King Zhai, and were named the Three Qins. In the fifth year, the country was settled in the Han Dynasty.
Tai Shigong said: The ancestor of Qin, Bo Yi, had some honors in Tang and Yu, and was given the surname Xianwei of Yin and Xia. After the decline of the Zhou Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty was established in the west. Since Duke Mu, he has gradually encroached on the princes and became the first emperor. It is said that:
Qin annexed more than 30 counties in Shandong, repaired Jinguan, established a dangerous fortress, and built armored troops to defend it. Hundreds of people were scattered, shouting loudly, no need to use bows and halberds, soldiers with swords and white stilts, looking at the houses to eat, and rampaging across the country. Don’t shoot. The Chu army fought in Hongmen, and there was no barrier. So there was a big disturbance in Shandong, and the princes joined forces, and the Qin Dynasty sent General Zhang Han to march eastward. Zhang Han used the three armies to attack the city. The disbelief of the officials can be seen in this, so Ziying has the talent of a mediocre leader and can only be the central assistant. Although Shandong is in chaos, the land of Qin can be saved. Yes, the worship of the ancestral temple has not been eliminated.
The land of Qin is considered solid by mountains and rivers, and it is a country with four fortresses. Since Duke Mu, there have been more than twenty kings of Qin. The king is always the hero of the princes. How can he be so powerful? The whole country is united to attack Qin. In this era, good generals follow their instructions, but they are trapped. Unable to advance due to the danger, Qin pushed forward and fought to open the door. Millions of people fled north and were destroyed. The situation was unfavorable and the situation was inconvenient. Qin Xiaoyi merged with the big city and defended the dangerous fortress. The army has high bases, no fighting, seclusion, holding halberds and guarding them.The journey is also. They are not close to each other, and they are not attached to their subordinates. It is called the destruction of Qin, which is actually beneficial. Seeing that Qin’s resistance was difficult to defeat, he would retreat. To pacify the land and calm the people, to wait for their decline, to ward off the weak and support them, so that the king of a great country will not be troubled or contented at home. If you are an emperor and are rich in the world, but you are a bird, it is wrong to save someone from defeat.
The King of Qin did not ask questions, so he passed without changing. The second generation suffered from this, so he did not change, and was cruel to cause serious disasters. Ziying is isolated and has no relatives, vulnerable and helpless. Isn’t it appropriate for the three masters to be confused and remain unenlightened for the rest of their lives, leading to death? At this time, the world is not full of thoughtful and knowledgeable people, but those who dare not be loyal to pass by are so jealous of Qin customsEthiopians EscortThe taboo is forbidden, and the loyal words are killed by the body before they are spoken. Therefore, all the people in the country should listen with their ears, stand with their feet firmly on their feet, and keep their mouths shut without speaking. Therefore, the three masters have lost their ways, traitors dare not remonstrate, wise men dare not make plans, the whole country is in chaos, and traitors cannot be heard about. Isn’t it sad! The former king knew that Yonghe’s actions would harm the country, so he appointed ministers and officials to decorate the country with laws and punishments, so as to bring order to the country. It is also strong, prohibiting violence and punishing chaos, and the whole country is in submission. It is weak because the five uncles conquered and the princes followed. It is cut, the inside is guarded and the outside is attached, and the society and grain are preserved. Therefore, when the Qin Dynasty was prosperous, the country prospered due to its complicated laws and severe punishments; when it declined, the common people looked at it with resentment and spread across the sea. Therefore, the Friday sequence has its way, and it will last for more than a thousand years. The Qin Dynasty was completely merged, so it did not last long. From this point of view, the relationship between security and danger is far away. There is a proverb that says, “Never forget the past, and you will be the teacher of the future.” Therefore, when a righteous man is a country, he observes the past, examines the current world, takes part in human affairs, observes the principles of prosperity and decline, and examines the propriety of power. The goings and goings are orderly, and changes are inevitable. Therefore, the country will be stable for a long time.
Qin merged with the sea and the princes, and proclaimed himself emperor in the south to support the four seas. The people of the whole country were very prosperous. What if it was like this? Said: There has been no king in recent times for a long time. The Zhou Dynasty was low, and the five hegemons were dead, so they could not control the country. Therefore, the princes used their power to govern, and the strong invaded the weak. Today, the Qin Dynasty faces the south and rules the whole country, and there is an emperor above it. Since the people of Yuan Yuan hope to be safe for their lives, they should all look up with an open mind. At this time, they must maintain their authority and determine their merits. This is the foundation of safety.
The King of Qin was greedy and self-motivated. He did not believe in his heroes and was not close to the people. He abolished tyranny and established private rights. He banned documents and severely punished the law. Deception is followed by benevolence and righteousness, and cruelty is the beginning of the world. The one who combines husband and wife is high in deceit, and the one who is in peace values obedience to power. This is the difference between taking and keeping. Qin left the Warring States Period and ruled the whole country. Its path was not easy, and its government did not change. This is why it was taken and defended. It exists alone, so it can stand and wait for its death. By using the king of Qin to plan the events of the past world and the traces of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, he could control his government. Although there would be a arrogant and arrogant master in the future, there would be no danger of collapse. Therefore, when the three kings built the country, their names were beautiful and their achievements were long-lasting.
Now that the second generation of Qin has been established, everyone in the country will take the lead and observe its politics. If the husband is cold, he will benefit from leeks and brown, while if he is hungry, he will make sweet thorns and cloth. The whole country is crying, and this is the capital of the new master. This is why working for the people is easy. The second generation of the township envoy behaved like a mediocre lord, and appointed loyal and virtuous officials. The ministers and lords were focused on worrying about the troubles at home and abroad.He then corrected the faults of the late emperor, divided the land and divided the people, and named the heroes, established a country and established a monarch to honor the world, imprisoned him without being punished, and eliminated the crime of collecting money and filth, causing everyone to turn against his hometown, send warehouses, and scatter money. In order to inspire the lonely and poor people, to give light and small tasks, to help the people’s urgent needs, to make laws and save punishments to sustain them in the future, so that everyone in the world can correct their mistakes, become more disciplined in their practice, be careful about themselves, and prevent the eyes of all the people. , and with mighty virtue and the whole country, the whole country gathers. That is to say, within the four seas, everyone wants to live in his own place, fearing that there will be changes. Although there are cunning people and no desire to be apart from the superior, the unruly ministers will not be able to show off their wisdom, and the treachery and treachery will stop. The second generation could not do this, but focused on the lack of morality, which ruined the ancestral temple and the people, and then built the Afang Palace. The punishments were severe, the officials were harsh, the rewards and punishments were inappropriate, the wealth was excessive, the world was troubled, the officials were incapable of discipline, and the people were poor. But the Lord does not accept the shirt. Then traitors and falsehoods arise together, and the high and the low flee from each other, and those who are guilty are all punished and killed in the light of the Tao, and the whole world suffers. From the emperor to the common people, people have a heart of self-danger and are living in poverty. They are not secure in their position, so they are prone to move. Therefore, if Chen She does not use the talents of Tang and Wu, and does not borrow the honor of the princes, if he fights for the great marsh and the whole country responds, his people will be in danger. Therefore, the former kings saw the constant changes and knew the opportunities of life and death, so they followed the way of shepherding the people and focused on safety. Although there are ministers who are rebellious in the country, they will not be able to respond and help. Therefore, it is said that “to bring peace to the people is to do justice, but to endanger the people is to do wrong.” This is what we mean. If you are an emperor, you are rich in the world, and you are inevitably killed, you are right and wrong. This is the fault of the second generation.
Xiang Gong lived in the country for 12 years. At first it was the Western Territory. Buried in Xichui. Born Wen Gong.
Wen Gong lives in Xicui Palace. He died fifty years ago and was buried in the west. Born Jing Gong.
Jinggong died without enjoying the country. Born Xian Gong.
Xian Gong lived in Xinyi in the west for twelve years. When he died, he was buried in Yamen. He gave birth to Duke Wu, Duke De, and gave birth to sons.
In the sixth year of his birth, he lived in Xiling. The three concubine chiefs, Fu Ji, Wei Lei and Shen Fu, led the thieves to give birth to their son Bi Yan and buried him in the Yamen. Wu Gong.
Wu Gong enjoyed the country for twenty years. He lived in Pingyang and sealed the palace. He was buried in Xuanyang and gathered in the southeast. The three concubines were responsible for their crimes. Virtue public.
De Gong enjoyed the country for two years. Lives in Yong Dazheng Palace. He gave birth to Duke Xuan, Duke Cheng and Duke Mu. Burial Yang. The first time you lie down, you can control the poison.
Xuan Gong enjoyed the country for twelve years. Juyang Palace. Burial Yang. The original intention is a leap month.
Cheng Gong enjoyed the kingdom for four years and lived in Yongzhi Palace. Burial Yang. Together they cut down Shanrong and Guzhu.
Miao Gong enjoyed the country for thirty-nine years. The emperor seeks hegemony. Burial tomb. Mr. Miao is a scholar. Sheng Kanggong.
Kang Gong enjoyed the kingdom for twelve years. He sleeps in Yonggao. Funeral Society. Born in public.
They shared the country for five years and lived in Yonggao. Buried in Kang Gongnan. Born Huan Gong.
Gong Huan reigned for twenty-seven years. Stay in Yongtai’s bed. He was buried in Qiubei, Yili. Born Jing Gong.
Jing Gong enjoyed the country for forty years. He lived in Yonggao and was buried in the south of Qiuli. Bi Gong was born.
Bi Gong enjoyed the country for thirty-six years. The funeral car goes north. Yi Gong.
Barbarians do not enjoy the country. After his death, he was buried in the left palace. Sheng Hui Gong.
Hui Gong enjoyed the country for ten years. In the funeral car (Kangjing). Born to mourn the public.
Mourning the public and enjoying the country for fifteen years. Buried in Xi Gongxi. Cheng Yong. He stabbed Gong Gong alive.
Gong Gong enjoyed the country for thirty-four years. Buried inside. Gong Cao and Gong Huai. In ten years, comets will appear.
Gong Cao enjoyed the country for fourteen years. Stay and sleep. Buried in mourning Gongnan. In the first year of his life, a comet was seen.
Gong Huai came from Jin. Enjoy the country for four years. The Yue Yu family was buried. The Lord of Creatures. The ministers surrounded Duke Huai, who committed suicide.
Su Linggong is also the son of Zhaozi. Lives in Jingyang. Enjoy the country for ten years. Buried in mourning for Gong Xi. He gave birth to Duke Jian.
Jian Gong came from Jin. Lived the country for fifteen years. Buried in Xi Gongxi. Sheng Hui Gong. Its seven years. The common man carries a sword at the beginning of his life.
Hui Gong enjoyed the country for thirteen years. Burial mausoleum. Give birth to a male.
He was released from public service and enjoyed the country for two years. He committed suicide while on duty and was buried.
Xiangong enjoyed the country for twenty-three years. Buried in the hustle and bustle. He was born as a duke of filial piety.
Xiao Gong enjoyed the country for twenty-four years. Buried brother in Yu. King Huiwen was born. In his thirteenth year, the capital was established in Xianyang.
King Huiwen enjoyed his kingdom for twenty-seven years. Buried in the public mausoleum. In mourning for King Wu.
After four years of mourning for King Wu, he was buried in Yongling.
King Zhaoxiang lived in his country for fifty-six years. Bury Yang. Born King Xiaowen.
King Xiaowen enjoyed the kingdom for one year. Buried in Shouling. He gave birth to King Zhuang Xiang.
King Zhuang Xiang enjoyed the kingdom for three years. Bury Yang. The emperor was born. Prime Minister Lu Buwei.
After seven years of public service, it was first listed on the market. Ten years, for “What do you think of Yu Hua?” Pei Yi asked hesitantly. The household registrations are similar.
Xiao GongEthiopians Sugardaddy sixteen years. Shi Tao Li Donghua.
It was established in the 19th year of King Huiwen’s life. In the second year of establishment, money will be distributed at the beginning. There was a reborn baby named “King Qin Qie”.
It was established in the 19th year of King Wu’s life. After three years of establishment, the Wei River was red for three days.
The king was established in the 19th year of his life. Four years after it was established, at the beginning, the fields were opened.
Wang Xiaowen was established in the fifty-third year of his life.
Prince Zhuang Xiang was established in the thirty-second year of his life. In the second year of his establishment, he took the land of Taiyuan. In the first year of King Zhuang and Xiang’s reign, a general amnesty was granted, and the ancestors of the king were repaired. They were virtuous and generous, and benefited the people. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty conspired with the princes to plot against Qin, but Qin sent the prime minister to punish him without Wei and invaded his country. The Qin Dynasty did not stop its sacrifices and gave the land of Yangren to the king of Zhou to offer sacrifices to him.
The First Emperor reigned for thirty-seven years. Buried in Liyi. Give birth to a second emperor. The First Emperor was established in the thirteenth year of his life.
The second emperor lived in the country for three years. Buried in Yichun. Zhao Gao was the prime minister, Anwuhou. The second generation was established in the twelfth year of his birth.
You Qin Xianggong to the second generation, six hundred and ten years old.
On October 15, the 17th year of Emperor Xiaoming’s reign, Yi Chou said:
The weekly calendar has been moved, benevolence cannot Surrogate mother. Qin Zhi was in power, but Lu Zheng was ruthless. However, the thirteen princes took over the whole country, indulged in their passions, and raised their clan members. In the thirty-seventh year, troops were deployed everywhere, and political orders were issued to the queen. Gaining the power of the saint, He Bo gave him a map, and according to the wolves and foxes, he joined the wolf and fox, and assisted in the administration to drive them away. He was called the First Emperor.
After the death of the First Emperor, Hu Hai was extremely foolish, and before Lishan was completed, he resumed his duties as Afang to carry out his previous plan. It goes like this: “Anyone who values the world will do whatever he wants, and the ministers will want to stop what the ancestors did.” To punish Si and Ji, Zhao Gao was appointed. It’s so painful to say! The sound of human heads and animals. If you are not powerful, you will not attack evil; if you are not loyal, you will not perish; if you are not distant, you will not be able to stay; if you are cruel and cruel to promote the future, you will not be able to survive even if you live in a country with convenient physical conditions.
Zi Ying obtained an heir for several times. He was crowned with a jade crown, wearing a colorful fur, and he rode in a yellow house. He came from Baisi and visited the seven temples. When a gentleman is not in his position, he will fall suddenly and suddenly. He can live in peace every day, but he can only think about it for a long time and worry about it. The father and son are in power, and they can take the leisure of the house, kill the cunning ministers, and fight for the king’s thieves. After Gao’s death, the guests had not yet fully worked together in their marriage, the meal had not yet been swallowed, the wine had not wet their lips, the soldiers of Chu had massacred Guanzhong, the real person Xiang Ba came up, the plain chariot infantry group, presented his talisman seal, and returned to the emperor. Zheng Bo Mao held the Luan Dao, and King Yan retreated. The river will never become clogged again, and the fish will never be restored to health if it dies. Jia Yi and Sima Qian said: “Xiang Shiying has the talent of a mediocre leader, and can only get a middle assistant. Although Shandong is in chaos, the land of Qin can be preserved, and the worship of the ancestral temple has not been exhausted.” It is a mistake to blame Zhou Dan for his talents and his skills. According to popular legend, Qin Shihuang committed a crime, and Hu Haiji was justified. Responsible for the boy, Yun Qin and the land can be whole, the so-called failure to adapt to the changes of the times. Ji Ji is named Wu, and his age is unknown. I read the Qin Chronicle, and as for Zi Ying’s carriage splitting up Zhao Gao, it was not unreasonable for him to be decisive and pity his ambition. The meaning of death and rebirth of infants is ready.
Translation
The First Emperor of Qin is the son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin. When King Zhuang Xiang was a hostage of Qin in Zhao, he saw Lu Buwei’s concubine and liked her very much, so he married her and gave birth to the first emperor. The First Emperor was born in Handan in the first month of the forty-eighth year of King Zhao of Qin. When he was born, he was named Zheng and his surname was Zhao. At the age of thirteen, King Zhuang Xiang passed away, and Zheng succeeded him as King Qin. At that time, Qin had already annexed Ba, Shu, and Hanzhong, crossed Wan and occupied Bi, and established Nanjun; went north to the east of Shangjun, and occupied Hedong, Taiyuan, and Shangdang counties; east to Rongyang, eliminated the Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou Dynasties, and established Sanchuan County. Lu Buwei became prime minister, granted a fief of 100,000 households, and was named Marquis Wenxin. Attracting guests and tourists, he plans to annex the whole country. Li Si was Shiren, and Meng Ao, Wang Jue, Hegong and others were generals. The King of Qin was young and in the early days of his accession to the throne, state affairs were left to the ministers.
Jinyang rebelled, and in the first year of the Qin Dynasty, General Meng Zhuan put down the rebellion. In the second year, Lu Gong led his army to attack Juanyi and killed 30,000 people. In the third year, Mengjun attacked South Korea and captured thirteen cities. Wang passed away. In the tenth month, General Meng Ao attacked Wei’s towns of Wei and Yougui. This year the grain harvest was great. In four years, he occupied the city and was in trouble. In March, the troops were withdrawn. The hostages of Qin State went from Zhao State, and the prince of Zhao State left Qin State and returned to Zhao State. In October Gengyin, locusts flew from the east and covered the sky. National plague. The common people paid one thousand stones of corn to become a noble. In the fifth year, General Meng Ao attacked the Wei State and pacified the cities of Suanzao, Yanyi, Xuyi, Changping, Yongqiu, and Shanyang. They were all captured by force, and a total of twenty cities were captured. Start setting up East County. Thunder in winter. In six years, South Korea, Wei, Zhao, Wei, and Chu all attacked Qin and captured Shouling. Qin withdrew its troops and the armies of the five countries withdrew. The Qin State occupied the Wei State and invaded Dongjun. Wei Junjiao led his relatives to move to Yewang, relying on the mountain dangers to defend the Hanoi area within the Wei State. In seven years, the comet first appeared in the eastEthiopians Escort. Appeared again in the south. May appears in the east. General Meng Ao passed away. He died because he attacked Longyi, Guyi and Qingdu, and then returned to attack Jiyi. The comet appeared in the east for another sixteen days. Queen Mother Xia passed away. In the eighth year, King Qin’s younger brother Chang’an Juncheng led an army to attack the State of Zhao, rebelled against the enemy, and died in Tunliu. All his officers were beheaded and executed, and the people of Tunliu were moved to Lintao. The general died. , the soldiers stationed Pu Chao to rebel, and chopped off his body. The river fish were washed up into the mountains in large numbers, and the people of Qin State came to the east to eat them on the spot.
Lao Ai was granted the title of Marquis of Changxin. Give him the Shanyang region and let him live there. There are no restrictions on Lao Ai in terms of palaces, carriages and horses, clothing, gardens, and hunting. Everything is decided by Lao Ai. Hexi and Taiyuan counties were also changed into feudal states of Lao Ai. In the ninth year, a comet appeared, sometimes shining brightly in the sky. Attacked Yuanyi and Puyang of Wei State. In April, King Qin stayed in Yongdi. In Jiyou, the King of Qin held a crown ceremony and wore a sword. The plot of Changxinhou Lao Ai to cause rebellion was discovered, so she fraudulently used the seals of the King of Qin and the Queen Mother to mobilize the army and guards of the county, national cavalry, Rong Zhai leaders, and She people, planning to attack Qinian Palace and launch a rebellion. The King of Qin learned about the news and sent his prime ministers Changping Jun and Changwen Jun to mobilize soldiers to attack Lao’ai. In the battle at Xianyang, hundreds of people were killed, and those who had meritorious deeds were all awarded titles, and eunuchs participated.Those who fight will also receive a first-level title. Lao Ai and others were defeated and fled. The King of Qin then issued an order throughout the country: Anyone who captured Lao Ai alive would be rewarded one million; anyone who killed Lao Ai would be rewarded five hundred thousand. All of them captured Lao Ai and others. Twenty people, including Wei Wei Jie, Nei Shisi, Zuo Yi Jie, and Zhongda Fu Ling Qi, were all beheaded and hung. They also cut their bodies into pieces and paraded them around, wiping out their clans. Lao Ai’s wife was sentenced to three years in prison for a minor crime. More than 4,000 people who had their titles removed and moved to Shu settled in Fangling. It’s freezing cold this month, and some people have died of the cold. Yang Duanhe attacked Yanshi. The comet appeared in the east and then in the south, following the Big Dipper as it moved southward for eighty days. In ten years, the Prime Minister Lu Buwei was convicted of Lao Ai’s involvement and was relieved of his post as Prime Minister. Huan was made general. The envoys from Qi and Zhao came to prepare a banquet with wine. Mao Jiao, a native of Qi, advised King Qin: “Qin is taking running the world as its own responsibility, and the king has the reputation of migrating his mother and queen mother. He is afraid that the princes of various countries will hear about this and rebel against Qin.” King Qin went to Yongdi. Welcoming the Queen Mother, she returned to Xianyang and lived in Ganquan again
The King of Qin conducted a large-scale search and welcomed guests from the vassal states. Li Si wrote a letter to dissuade him, and the King of Qin revoked the order to expel the guests. He took the opportunity to advise King Qin. First of all, he attacked South Korea, which made other vassal states feel fear. So King Qin sent Li Si to attack South Korea. The King of Han was very worried and consulted with Han Fei to weaken Qin’s power. Wei Liao, a native of Daliang, came to Qin and advised the King of Qin: “With the great power of Qin, (compared with the princes), the princes are like the monarchs of a county. But I am worried that the princes will unite and hide their presence. Attacking Qin unexpectedly is the reason why King Zhibo, Fucha and King Min died. I hope the king will not be stingy with money and bribe their powerful ministers to destroy their plan. They will lose only thirty. Ten thousand catties of gold, and the princes can be destroyed.” The king of Qin followed his advice and treated Wei Liao with the same etiquette every time, and the same clothes and food were used as Wei Liao. Wei Liao said: “The King of Qin has a high nose, slender eyes, a chest like a bird of prey, and a voice like a tiger and leopard. He is harsh and ungrateful, and his heart is like a tiger and a wolf. It is not difficult to be humble and a bitch when he is in poverty, and it is not difficult to be humble when he is frustrated. Devouring people. I am a commoner, but when you meet me, you will always be under me. If the king of Qin fails, the people of the world will not be able to live with him for a long time.” The King of Qin found out and firmly retained him as a captain of the Qin State, and finally adopted his strategy. At this time, Li Si was in charge of the government.
In the eleventh year, Wang Jian, Huan , Yang Duanhe attacked Yeyi and captured nine cities. Wang Jian attacked Dinglanyu and Puyang, and combined all the soldiers into one army. Wang Jian took command of the entire army. After eighteen days, he deported the useless personnel in the army who were below the level of fighting for food, and elected two out of ten people to join the army. Huan led the troops to capture Yeyi and Puyang. In the twelfth year, Wenxinhou Lu Buwei passed away, and his body was buried secretly. If Lu Buwei’s family members come to mourn, if they are from Jin, they will be expelled; if they are from Qin, those with a salary of more than 600 shi will be expelled.If you remove your title and move away from your old residence, if no one comes to mourn you for less than five hundred stones, you will also move out of your old residence without removing your title. From then on, those who manage state affairs and act rebelliously like Lao Ai and Lu Buwei will have their whole families confiscated and be dealt with accordingly. In autumn, Lao’ai’s family members who were supposed to have migrated to Shu were pardoned. At that time, there was a severe drought across the country, and it only rained from June to August.
In the thirteenth year, Huan attacked Pingyang of the State of Zhao, killed the general of the State of Zhao, Hu Zou, and beheaded 100,000 people. King Zhao fled to Henan. In the first month of the year, comets appear in the east. In October, Huan attacked Zhao. In the fourteenth year, he attacked the Zhao army in Pingyang, captured Yi’an, defeated the Zhao army and killed its general. Huan pacified Pingyang and Wucheng. Han Fei went to Qin as an envoy, and Qin adopted Li Si’s plan and detained Han Fei in Qin. Han Fei died in Yunyang. The King of Han requested to be a vassal of Qin.
In the fifteenth year, the Qin State mobilized its troops in a large scale. One army arrived in Yeyi and another army arrived in Taiyuan and captured Langmeng. An earthquake occurs. In September of the 16th year, troops were sent to take over the Nanyang area of South Korea, and Teng temporarily represented the county guard. Start ordering men to register their age. Wei State offered territory to Qin State. Qin established Liyi. In the seventeenth year, Neishiteng attacked South Korea, captured Han Wangan, annexed the Korean territory of the Ministry of Health, and set up a county in its territory, named Yingchuan. An earthquake occurs. Queen Mother Huayang passed away. A severe famine occurred.
On the eve of the eighteenth year, a large number of troops were sent to attack the State of Zhao. Wang Jian led the soldiers from Shangdi to capture Jingxing. Yang Duanhe led the Hanoi soldiers, Qiang Yu also led an army to attack Zhao, and Yang Duanhe besieged Handan City. In the 19th year, Wang Jian and Qiang You fought to conquer the Dongyang area of Zhao and captured the king of Zhao. He led his troops to prepare to attack Yan State and stationed his troops in Zhongshan. When the King of Qin came to Handan, anyone who had a grudge against his mother’s family when he was born in the State of Zhao was killed. King Qin went to Qin State and came back from Taiyuan and Shangjun. The Empress Dowager, the mother of the First Emperor, passed away. Prince Jia of the State of Zhao led several hundred people from his clan to Daidi and proclaimed himself King of Dai. He united with the army of the State of Yan to the east and stationed himself in Shanggu. A severe famine occurred during this year.
Twenty years ago, Prince Dan of Yan State was worried that Qin’s army would come to Yan State. He was panic-stricken and sent Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin. The King of Qin noticed this, dismembered Jing Ke’s body and paraded it to the public, and sent Wang Jian and Xin Sheng to attack Yan. Yan and Dai withdrew their troops to attack the Qin army, and the Qin army defeated the Yan army west of Yishui. In the twenty-first year, Wang Ben attacked Jingdi. He dispatched more soldiers to Wang Jian’s army, defeated Prince Yan’s army, captured Jicheng of Yan State, and obtained the head of Prince Dan. King Yan went east to gather the military strength of Liaodong and became king there. Wang Jian excused himself from illness and retired to his hometown, but Xinzheng rebelled. Lord Changping moved to Yingdi. It snowed heavily, the snow was two feet five inches deep.
In the 22nd year, Wang Ben attacked Wei and dug ditches to divert water from the river to flood Daliang. The city wall of Daliang was destroyed. King Wei asked for surrender, and Qin occupied it. All Wei territory.
In the twenty-third year, the king of Qin recruited Wang Jian again, insisted on promoting him, and sent him to lead an army to attack the state of Jing. They captured the area from the south of Chendi to Pingyu and captured King Jing. The king of Qin arrived at Yingchen on his parade. Jing general Xiang Yan made Lord Changping king of Jing and raised troops south of the Huai River to rebel against Qin. In the twenty-fourth year, Wang Jian and Meng Wu attacked Jingdi and defeated the Jing army. Lord Changping died in the battle, and Xiang Yan committed suicide.
In the twenty-fifth year, a large-scale troops were withdrawn. Wang Ben was sent as a general to lead an army to attack the Liaodong area of Yan State and captured King Xi of Yan. He returned to attack the state of Dai and captured Dai Wangjia. Wang Jian pacified the Jiangnan area of Jing State, defeated Yuejun, and established Kuaiji County. In May, the whole country gathers for feasts and feasts.
In the twenty-sixth year, King Jian of Qi and Prime Minister Housheng of Qi dispatched troops to guard the western border and not have any contact with Qin. The State of Qin sent General Wang Bi from the State of Yan south to attack the State of Qi and captured King Jian of Qi.
The State of Qin had just annexed the whole country, and ordered the prime minister and censor to say: “Some time ago, the king of Han surrendered his territory, dedicated the king’s seal, and asked to become a vassal. Soon he deserted We agreed to unite with Zhao and Wei to rebel against Qin, so I launched an army to attack and captured the king of Korea. I thought this was a good thing, and it was probably time to end the war. King Zhao sent his prime minister Li Mu to sign the agreement. After the alliance, he sent back his son who was a hostage. Soon Zhao betrayed the alliance and launched an army to fight in Taiyuan, our country, so I launched an army to attack and captured its king. Zhao’s son Jia Zi became the acting king, so I sent troops again. After destroying him, King Wei finally agreed to surrender to Qin, and soon he conspired with South Korea and Zhao to attack Qin. Qin’s officials went to attack and destroyed Wei’s land west of Qingyang, but soon broke the agreement. , attacked Nanjun of our country, so I sent troops to attack, captured the king of Jing, and pacified Jing. King Yan was confused, and his prince Dan secretly ordered Jing Ke to become a thief. The officials of Qin went to attack and destroyed his country. The King of Qi adopted the strategy of winning later and did not allow the envoys of Qin to enter Qi. In anticipation of rebellion, I sent officers to attack and captured the king of Qi. He sent troops to suppress the rebellion, and relying on the power of the ancestral temple, the kings of the six countries have all confessed their crimes, and the world is completely peaceful. Now, if the name is not changed, the achievements cannot be praised and the emperor can be passed down to future generations. “Prime Minister Wang Wan, imperial censor Feng Jie, Tingwei Li Si and others all said: “In the past, the five emperors governed an area thousands of miles away. Some princes and barbarians outside this area paid tribute, and some paid tribute. If the princes do not pay tribute, the emperor cannot control it. Now your majesty dispatches rebels to punish the thieves, pacify the country, set up commanders and unify the laws in the four seas, this has never happened since ancient times, and the five emperors are not interested We discussed it carefully with the doctors, and they all said, “In modern times, there are emperors, emperors of earth, and emperors of Thailand. The emperor of Thailand is the most noble.” We risked death and gave him the title of “Emperor of Thailand.” The order of the emperor is called ‘Zhi’, the emperor’s order is called ‘Zhao’, and the emperor calls himself ‘Zhen’. “The King of Qin said: “The word ‘Tai’ was lost and the word ‘Huang’ was left, and the ancient expression of position was used.The word “Emperor” in the title is called “Emperor”. Other opinions as agreed. ” (For the name that has been decided,) give the order and say: “Okay. “I pursued King Zhuang Xiang as the Supreme Emperor. The emperor issued an order and said: “I heard that in ancient times there were titles but no posthumous titles. In the middle ages, there were titles. After death, the posthumous title was determined based on the deeds during life. Doing this means that the son will talk about his father and the ministers will talk about the king. It is very uninteresting and I will not adopt this approach. From then on, the posthumous law was abolished. I am the First Emperor. Counting the descendants, from the second and third generations to the ten thousand generations, the inheritance will be endless. ”
The First Emperor deduced based on the order of succession of the five virtues, and believed that the Zhou Dynasty acquired the virtue of fire, and the Qin Dynasty replaced the virtue of fire of the Zhou Dynasty, and followed the principle of the victory of the five elements. The law should be the beginning of Shui De. In the first month of the year, a group of ministers came to the court to celebrate. The number of clothes, banners, and festival flags were all black, and the talismans and crowns were all six inches. The chariot is six feet wide, and the steps are six feet, and six horses are used to drive the river. The river is renamed Deshui as the beginning of Shui De. Without warmth and morality, he thought this was in line with the principles of the evolution of the Five Virtues, so he eagerly strengthened the legal system and refused to pardon the criminals who had been under house arrest for a long time.
Prime Minister Wang Wan and others suggested: “The princes of the various countries have just been wiped out, and the lands of Yan, Qi, and Jing are far away. Unless a king is established there, no one will come to pacify Yan, Qi, and Jing. Please make the emperor’s sons kings, hoping to gain the emperor’s approval. The First Emperor submitted the suggestions of Wang Wan and others to the ministers for discussion, and they all thought it was appropriate. Tingwei Li Si suggested: “There were many descendants of the same surname named by King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou, but later the clansmen became estranged.” They attacked each other like enemies, and the princes fought against each other, and the Zhou emperor could not stop them. Now the gods attached to your majesty have unified the whole country and divided it into counties. The emperor’s descendants and heroes are heavily rewarded with state taxes. (This situation is) very easy to manage. There is no other heart in the country. This is how the country will be peaceful. The feudal princes are not suitable to leave here and have nowhere to go. I could go, but I don’t know where to go. “, so I might as well stay. Although I am a slave, I have food, shelter and comfort here.” The First Emperor said: “The whole country is suffering from endless wars because there are princes and kings who are attached to the ancestral temple. The spirit has just pacified the country, and then goes to establish vassal states. This is to make enemies of oneself, and it is very difficult to seek peace! Tingwei’s suggestion is correct. ”
Divide the country into thirty-six counties, with guards, lieutenants, and prisons in each county. The people renamed it “Qianli”. The whole country gathered and feasted. Weapons from all over the country were collected, concentrated in Xianyang, and cast into bells. Twelve bronze figures were also cast, each weighing a thousand stones, and placed in the palace. Unify the legal system and policy standards. The distance between the two wheels of the car is required to be the same. Writing uses a unified script. The whole country stretches from the sea and Korea in the east, to Lintao and Qiangzhong in the west, to the area where the gate opens to the north in the south, with the Yellow River as a barrier to the north, and along the Yinshan Mountains to Liaodong. Move 120,000 wealthy families across the country toXianyang. The mausoleums, Zhangtai and Shanglin gardens of the kings of Qin are all on the south bank of the Wei River. Every time the Qin State eliminated a vassal state, it imitated its palace and built it on the northern slope of Xianyang, adjacent to the Wei River in the south, from the east of Yongmen to the confluence area of Jingshui and Weishui. The pavilion road is continuous. The beautiful men, bells and drums captured from the princely states were all placed inside.
In the twenty-seventh year, the First Emperor visited Longxi and Northland and came to Jitou Mountain, passing by on his way back to the center. So Xin Palace was built south of the Weishui River, and soon the Xin Palace was renamed Jimiao, symbolizing the Tianji Star. A road was built from Ji Temple to Mount Li, and the front hall of Ganquan Palace was built, and a corridor was built to connect it from Xianyang. This year, he was awarded the first level of national peerage. Building Chi Road.
In the twenty-eighth year, the First Emperor patrolled the counties eastward and climbed Mount Zoyi. He set up stone tablets and discussed with some Confucian scholars from Lu. He carved stone tablets to praise the good deeds of the Qin Dynasty, and discussed the work of enshrining Zen and observing the mountains and rivers for sacrifices. So he climbed Mount Tai, erected a stone tablet, piled up earth to make an altar, and offered sacrifices to heaven. When going down the mountain, a sudden wind and rain came. The First Emperor stayed under the tree (to avoid the wind and rain), so he named the tree the fifth prince. Then he went to Liangfu to lay the ground as the foundation, paid homage to the earth, and engraved an inscription on the stone tablet he erected. The inscription said:
The emperor ascended the throne, established the system, and established the reputation. According to the law, my subordinates must practice strict discipline. In the twenty-sixth year, they began to annex the whole country, and there was no one who was disobedient. Personally inspect the people in the distance, climb this Mount Tai, and see the easternmost border. The accompanying subjects recalled the paths they had taken, investigated the ins and outs of their undertakings, and respectfully praised the good deeds of the Qin Dynasty. The methods of governing the country are implemented, all production settings are appropriate, and there are certain rules. The great truth is beautiful and bright. It must be passed down to future generations, inherited and not changed. The emperor himself is divine and has pacified the world, but he still manages the country unremittingly, gets up early and goes to bed late, seeks long-term interests, and pays special attention to the education of his subjects. The teachings and laws on governing the country spread far and wide, and people far and near were managed, fully absorbing the emperor’s divine will. There is a clear hierarchy between high and low, and men and women act according to etiquette and carefully abide by their respective responsibilities. Clearly distinguishing the inside and outside, everyone feels quiet and pure. This situation will continue to future generations. The reach of enlightenment is endless, obey the edicts left behind, and inherit this main admonition forever.
So he walked eastward along the Bohai Sea, passed through Huangju and Xianxian counties, climbed to the highest point of Chengshan, climbed to the top of Zhifu, and erected a stone tablet to praise the virtues of the Qin Dynasty. industry, and then leave.
Going south to Langye, I was very happy and stayed for three months. Thirty thousand households were moved to the foot of Langxie Terrace, free of twelve years of corvee service. The Langye Tower was built, and monuments and inscriptions were erected to praise the virtues of the Qin Dynasty and express the will of the world. The inscription says:
In the twenty-eighth year, I just started to be emperor. A fair legal system has been established, which is the rule for all things in the world. This is used to clarify the relationship between people and make father and son work together. The emperor is holy and wiseHe is also benevolent and righteous, and understands the principles of all things. Patrol the eastern region to the east and inspect the soldiers. The inspection was completed and we arrived at the beach. The merit of the emperor lies in his hard work on the most basic affairs of the country. Emphasis on agriculture and suppression of business, and the people will be prosperous. The whole country, high and low, is united and united. The utensils have different standards and uniform writing. Wherever the sun and moon shine, and wherever ships and carriages go, the emperor’s mission can be completed, and nothing he does is inconsistent with the will of the world. Only the emperor can do things according to the appropriate time. Rectify bad customs and travel across mountains and rivers without being restricted by region. Take care of the common people and never be lazy sooner or later. Dispel doubts and formulate rules. Everyone knows how to avoid violating criminal laws. The county governor manages the local government affairs in a simple and easy manner. The methods adopted are all just right and nothing is inconsistent. The emperor and the gods personally visited all directions. No matter how high or low one is, one should not transcend the hierarchy. The phenomenon of treachery and evil is not allowed to exist, and everyone strives to be a decent and kind person. Do your best on both large and small tasks, and don’t dare to be lazy and neglectful. No matter far or near, or in remote places, we must be solemn, upright and loyal, and have certain rules for doing things. The emperor’s virtue has brought peace to all directions. Combat riots, eliminate disasters, create merit, and bring blessings. Work is set up according to the season, and a variety of products are constantly increasing. The people are at peace and there will be no more wars. If the six relatives live in peace, there will be no thieves in life. We happily abide by the country’s education and everyone is familiar with the legal system. Heaven and earth, all over the world, are the territory of the emperor. The west reaches the quicksand, and the south ends with the door opening to the north. There is the East China Sea to the east and Daxia to the north. Wherever people go, there is no one who refuses to surrender. Their merits exceeded those of the Five Emperors, their kindness extended to cattle and horses, everyone gained the emperor’s favor, and lived a peaceful life.
The King of Qin annexed the whole country and confirmed the title of Emperor, so he followed the eastern region and reached Langye. The princes of Wucheng, Wang Li, the princes of Tongwu, Wang Ben, the princes of Lun, Jiancheng, Zhaohai, Lunhou, Changwuhoucheng, Lunhou, Wuxinhou, Feng Wuze, Prime Minister Wei Lin, Prime Minister Wang Wan, Qing Li Si, Qing Wang Wu, and the five great ministers Zhao Ying and the fifth official Yang Zhen followed. They and the First Emperor discussed the good deeds of the Qin Dynasty at the seaside and said: “In modern times, those who claim to be emperors only have territories stretching thousands of miles. The princes each attack their own borders. Some pay tribute, and some do not.” Pay tribute, invade each other, commit violence, and kill without end, but they still carve gold and stone to record their achievements. The five emperors and three kings in ancient times practiced different knowledge and education, and the legal system was not clear. They relied on the power of ghosts and gods. , to deceive the people in the distance, the actual situation does not match the name, so the fate of the country is not long-lasting, the princes have rebelled, and the rules cannot be enforced. Now the emperor has unified the four seas and divided the world into counties. The county, the whole country is peaceful and harmonious. It carries forward the power of the temple, remembers the true meaning, spreads the kindness, and deserves the title of emperor. The ministers praise the emperor’s good deeds and engrave them on gold and stone as an example for future generations. /p>
The erection of stone inscriptions has been completed. Qi people such as Xu Shi and others wrote a letter saying that there are three sacred mountains in the sea, namedPenglai, Abbot, Yingzhou, where the gods live. I look forward to fasting, bathing, and seeking the three sacred mountains with boys and girls. So he dispatched Xu City to select thousands of boys and girls to search for gods in the sea.
When the First Emperor went there, he passed by Pengcheng, fasted and prayed, and wanted to salvage the Zhou Ding from Surabaya. Thousands of people were asked to dive into the water to look for it, but could not find it. So he walked northeast, crossed the Huai River, and headed for Hengshan and Nanjun. We went boating on the river and came to Xiangshan Mountain to worship. In strong winds, it was almost impossible to wade up the mountain. The First Emperor asked the doctor: “Who is Xiangjun?” The doctor replied: “I heard that he was the daughter of Yao and the wife of Shun. He was buried here after his death.” So the First Emperor was very angry and ordered three thousand people to be executed. All the trees on Xiangshan Mountain were cut down, and the whole mountain was exposed to red soil. The First Emperor returned to Xianyang from Nanjun via Wuguan.
In the 29th year, the First Emperor traveled eastward. When I arrived at Bolangsha in Yangwu, I was frightened by robbers. After hunting down the robbers, but failing to capture them, a nationwide search was ordered for ten days.
The First Emperor climbed onto the fu and carved a stone tablet. The inscription says:
In the 29th year, in the second month of spring, the weather began to get warmer. The emperor cruised eastward and boarded the Fu, facing the sea. Seeing this beautiful scenery, the accompanying subjects recalled the emperor’s great achievements and the whole story of the unification. The great emperor began to govern the country, formulated legal systems and made clear the principles and disciplines. He taught foreign princes, imparted enlightenment, spread benefits widely, and clarified matters. The princes of the six kingdoms are treacherous, greedy and perverse, with insatiable desires, and cruelty and killing will never stop. The emperor felt pity for the people, so he mobilized the army to attack and displayed his power. Carry out a righteous crusade and take honest actions, your martial power will spread far and wide, and there will be nothing that cannot be overcome. The forces of violence were eliminated, the people were saved, and the world was brought to peace. Strict legal systems have been widely implemented to govern the world and have become eternal principles. What a great night! The whole world abides by the divine will of the Emperor. The ministers praised the emperor’s achievements and requested that they be engraved on a stone tablet and recorded for future generations as an eternal law.
The inscription on the stone tablet at the east pavilion says:
In the twenty-ninth year, the emperor came in the springEthiopia Sugar Daddy is on a cruise, inspecting distant places. When we arrived at the beach of Ethiopia Sugar, we boarded the boat and faced the rising sun. Looking at the vast and beautiful scenery, the accompanying subjects all missed the past and recalled that the road they had traveled was very bright. When the wise rule of law was finally implemented, the bad guys and evil deeds at home were liquidated, and the violent enemies were punished externally. The military power spread far and wide, shaking all directions, annihilating the six kingdoms and capturing their kings. Expand territory and unify the worldcountry, eliminated the scourge of war and ended war forever. The emperor is wise and wise, manages the country and handles government affairs without being lazy. There are certain rules for establishing a strict legal system and clearly establishing unified standards and tools. All ministers who have their duties abide by their bounden duties and know what they should do, and there is no room for doubt in their work. The people have changed, and the systems are unified far and near. This is the best era since ancient times. Each person has been assigned a fixed position, and future generations will continue to follow the old path and inherit this wise politics forever. The ministers praised the emperor’s kindness, respectfully praised his great achievements, and requested that a monument be erected on Zhifu Mountain.
Soon, he went to Langye and returned to Xianyang from Shangdang.
No serious incident has occurred in thirty years.
In December of the 31st year, the wax festival was renamed “Jiaping”. The people were rewarded with six stones of rice and two sheep per mile. The First Emperor changed his clothes and traveled to Xianyang, accompanied by four soldiers. When he came out at night, he caught up with a thief in Lanchi and was trapped by the thief. The soldiers killed the thieves and searched Guanzhong for twenty days. The price of grain reaches one thousand six hundred yuan per stone.
In the thirty-second year, the First Emperor went to Jieshi and sent Lu Sheng, a native of Yan, to visit Xianmen and Gao Shi. Carve inscriptions on the Jieshi city gate. Destroy the city walls and dig through the embankments. The inscription on the city gate said:
So the army was dispatched to punish the unjust, and those who rebelled against violence were eliminated. Use force to quell riots, use martial arts to protect innocent people, and the people of the whole country will surrender. Jia En discussed the merits of meritorious personnel, even cattle and horses were rewarded, and kindness moistened the earth. The emperor vigorously displayed his power, annexed the princes through just war, unified the country for the first time, and brought peace to the world. Destroy the cities of the Six Kingdoms, dig through the river embankments, and level the dangerous obstacles. All kinds of military obstacles in the sky have been leveled, people no longer serve in corvées, and the country is at peace. The man is happily cultivating his land, the woman is engaged in her cottage industry, and everything is in order. All kinds of production receive the emperor’s benefits, and local farmers and farmers from outside live and work in peace and contentment. The monarchs and ministers praised the emperor’s achievements and requested that this stone tablet be engraved to serve as a standard for future generations.
Sent Han Zhong, Hou Gong, and Shi Sheng to visit the gods and obtain the elixir of immortality. The First Emperor patrolled the southern border and returned to Xianyang from Shangjun. Lu Sheng, a native of Yan, was sent to search for gods among the sea and came back. Because he reported the ghosts and gods to the First Emperor, he took the opportunity to present a copied book, which read below: “It was Hu who destroyed the Qin Dynasty.” The First Emperor sent General Meng Tian to send 300,000 troops to attack the Hu people in the north and capture the Henan area.
In the thirty-third year, the criminals who had been in exile, the men who married into other people’s families, and the merchants were recruited to conquer the Luliang area, and established Guilin County, Xiang County, and Nanhai County. Those who were guilty and should be exiled were sent to guard the city. Drive out the Huns in the southeast. From Yuzhong to the east along the Yellow River to the Yinshan Mountains, thirty-four counties were set up (in this area) and fortresses were built around the Yellow River. He also sent Meng Tian across the Yellow River to capture Gaoque, Yangshan and Beijia areas, and repairBuild pavilions and barriers to drive away the Rong people. Migrate criminals to newly established counties. Private memorial ceremonies are prohibited. The comet appears in the east. In the thirty-fourth year, he denounced those officials who had been judged and sentenced to prison unfairly, and asked them to build the Great Wall and guard the South Vietnam area.
The First Emperor held a banquet with wine in Xianyang Palace, and seventy doctors came forward to toast his birthday. Pushe Zhou Qingchen praised: “In the past, the area of Qin State was no more than a thousand miles away. Relying on your majesty’s divine wisdom, the country was pacified and the barbarians were driven out. Wherever the sun and moon could shine, there was no place that could not be conquered. The princes of all countries were conquered. The territory will be turned into counties and counties, and everyone will live and work in peace and contentment without the worry of war. This achievement can be passed down to all generations. From ancient times, no one can match His Majesty’s might and virtue.” The First Emperor was very happy. Chunyu Yue, a doctor from Qi Dynasty, remonstrated and said, “I heard that the Yin and Zhou Dynasties ruled the country for more than a thousand years, and divided the descendants and heroes as their own auxiliary forces. Now your majesty owns the country, but the descendants are common people, and Tian Chang appears occasionally. , I have never heard of a minister like the Six Ministers who has no one to help him and can remain undefeated for a long time without following the modern example. Now Qingchen flatters His Majesty in person, which is really not a treacherous minister.” The emperor handed over their suggestions for discussion. Prime Minister Li Si said: “The systems of the five emperors do not overlap each other, and the systems of the three generations do not inherit each other. Each is managed. It is not that future generations must be the same as the previous generations. This is due to the changes of the times. Now your Majesty has created a great It is not something that a clumsy scholar can understand. Besides, Chun Yuyue is talking about the work of three generations. What can we imitate? In the past, princes competed and used generous treatment to recruit traveling scholars. The country has been pacified and unified laws have been promulgated. The people are working hard at home to engage in agricultural production and cottage industry, while the scholars are studying laws and prohibitions. Now these scholars do not learn from reality, but imitate modern times to criticize the current social system and confuse the people. . I, Prime Minister Li Si, risked death and said: The modern world is fragmented and chaotic, and cannot be unified. Therefore, the princes rise at the same time. People’s comments praise the modern, undermine the current policy, use empty words, and disturb the true appearance of things. Everyone thinks that their own theory is the most perfect and criticizes the system established by the monarch. Now the emperor has conquered the world, distinguished right from wrong, and established the supreme position (but people are still) unauthorized to teach knowledge and criticize the country’s laws and education. When the rules were issued, they would each use their own theories to discuss them. When they went home, they would criticize them in their hearts. Slander and slander. If this situation is not stopped, the authority of the monarch will decline, and it will lead to collusion between party members. I hope that the historians will burn all the classics that are not Qin’s. Anyone who dares to add my favorite “Poems” and “Books” and the works of hundreds of scholars in the country who are not in charge of the doctorate officer will be sent to the county governor and county lieutenant to be burned. “In ancient times, people died in public places.Fei Jin wants to kill the entire clan. Officials who know about it but fail to report it are guilty of the same crime. If he was ordered not to burn any books for thirty days, he would have his face tattooed and become a prisoner, Cheng Dan. The items that were not burned included books on medicine, divination, and agriculture and forestry. If you want to learn the rules, you can learn from officials. “The First Emperor issued an order and said Ethiopians Escort: “This can be done. “
In the thirty-fifth year, a road was opened through Jiuyuan to Yunyang, mountains and valleys were dug, and a straight avenue was built to connect them. The First Emperor believed that Xianyang was born There were many teeth, and the palace of the previous king was small. It was said that King Wen of Zhou made his capital Feng, and King Wu made Hao. The place between Feng and Hao was the capital of the emperor, so he first built the front palace in Shanglin Garden on the south bank of the Weishui River. Epang Palace is five hundred steps from east to west and fifty feet from north to south. Ten thousand people can sit in the hall, and a five-foot-high flag can be erected at the top of the hall. It is surrounded by pavilions and is built on the top of Nanshan Mountain. The sign serves as a gate. A path is set up in the air to cross the Wei River from Afang Palace to connect it with Xianyang. This symbolizes that the whole country’s pavilion road crosses the river and reaches the barracks. After the completion of Afang Palace, a good name will be chosen. It. Built a palace in Afang, so it was called Afang Palace throughout the country. More than 700,000 people were imprisoned, and they were divided into several batches to build Afang Palace, or to dig and transport stones from Beishan and transport wood from Shu and Jing. They all gathered here. There were 300 palaces in Guanzhong and more than 400 outside the Pass, so stone monuments were erected in Qu County around the East China Sea. , as the east gate of the Qin State, 30,000 households moved to Liyi and 50,000 households settled in Yunyang, all of whom were exempted from ten years of corvee service.
Lu Sheng advised the First Emperor: “I and others are looking for Ganoderma miraculous medicine and gods, but we often don’t find them. It seems that something is harming them. Immortal prescriptions request that the monarch conceal his whereabouts at all times. Come and avoid the evil spirits. Once you avoid the evil spirits, the real person will come. The place where the monarch lives, if the subjects know it, they will hinder the immortal. A real person will not be soaked by water if he does not enter it. He will not feel hot when he enters fire. He can fly through the clouds and mist and live as long as the heaven and earth. Now that you are in charge of the world, you cannot live in peace and desire. I hope that the palace where you live is not known to anyone, and then the elixir of immortality may be found. So the First Emperor said: “I envy Zhenren, and call myself ‘Zhenren’, not ‘Lian’.” “He ordered the 270 palaces within 200 miles around Xianyang to be connected by air paths and air corridors, and the curtains, bells, drums, and beauties were placed inside, and the various arrangements were not to be moved. Fortunately, If anyone reveals the location, he will be punished by death. Emperor Shi visited Liangshan Palace and saw the prime minister’s entourage and his chariots from the mountain. He was very dissatisfied. Riding.He said angrily: “It’s someone in the palace who leaked my words.” After interrogation, no one confessed. At this time, he ordered the people who were around him to be arrested and killed. From then on, no one knew where he was. The officials who handle state affairs and make decisions about work are all in Xianyang Palace.
Hou Sheng and Lu Sheng discussed together and said: “The First Emperor was stubborn and violent by nature. He was self-righteous and rose from among the princes. Ethiopians Sugardaddy annexed the country, everything went well, and they did whatever they wanted. They believed that no one could catch up with them since ancient times. They specially appointed officials who were in charge of prisons, and the officials who were in charge of prisons were favored. Although there were Ph.D. Seventy people are just a few people, not trustworthy. The prime minister and ministers all accept official duties that have been decided and rely on the emperor to handle everything. The emperor likes to use punishment and killing to establish his authority, and the people in the world are afraid of being punished and just want to persevere. No one dared to be loyal to the throne. The emperor could not hear his faults and became increasingly arrogant. His subordinates were frightened and surrendered, and used deception to gain the emperor’s favor. According to the law of the Qin Dynasty, one person cannot use both methods. If the method does not work, he will be sentenced to death. However, there are as many as 300 people who observe the stars and clouds to predict good and bad luck. They are all very knowledgeable, but they are afraid of flattering the emperor and dare not point out his faults directly. The size depends on the emperor, and the emperor even uses a scale to weigh the documents. There is a certain amount in a day, and he cannot rest until he reaches the amount. As for the greed for power, he cannot find the elixir for him.” . When the First Emperor heard the news that Hou Sheng and Lu Sheng had escaped, he was very angry and said: “I used to collect books from all over the world and burn them all at different times. I summoned many people in literature and art to bring peace to the country. These sorcerers expected to obtain the elixir by making elixirs. Now I heard that Han Zhongli never came back, Xu Shi and others spent tens of thousands of dollars, but in the end they did not get the elixir, but there were reports of things that were done for profit every day. They respected me and rewarded me generously, but now they are slandering me to alleviate my unkindness. I sent people to investigate some of the Confucian scholars in Xianyang, and some of them created weird and heresy to confuse the people.” So I sent the censor to interrogate the Confucian scholars, and the Confucian scholars reported them. , you can avoid your own sins. More than 460 people who violated the crime were all imprisoned in Xianyang, making the whole country aware of this incident and warning future generations. More and more disciples were dispatched to guard the borders. Fusu, the eldest son of the First Emperor, advised: “Not long after the country has been pacified, the people in distant places have not yet settled down. Confucian scholars are all studying and following Confucius. Now ET Escorts you Use severe punishments to punish them. I am worried about the unrest in the country.” The first emperor was very angry and sent Fusu to Shangjun in the south to monitor Meng Tian.
In the thirty-sixth year, Yinghuo is close to the heart. A star fell in Dongjun and reached the skyIt turned into a stone, and someone among the common people wrote on this stone that “the first emperor died and the earth was divided.” When the First Emperor heard about it, he sent his censors to interrogate them one by one. If no one confessed, he arrested and executed all the people who were living near the stone, and then burned the stone with fire. The first emperor was unhappy and asked the doctor to compose the “Poetry of Immortals”. He then toured the country and ordered musicians to play and sing. In autumn, the envoy came from Guandong and passed by the peaceful place of Huayin at night. Someone stopped the envoy with a wall jade and said, “Give it to Mr. Dianchi for me.” He also took the opportunity to say, “Zulong died this year.” The envoy asked him what he wanted. The reason is that this person suddenly disappeared, leaving his beauty behind and walked away. The envoy presented the wall jade to the First Emperor and told the whole story of the work. The First Emperor was silent for a long time, and later said: “The ghosts in the mountains only know what happens within a year.” After retreating from the court, he said: “Zulong is the leader of the people. (‘Zulong passed away this year’, said “Is it me?”) The imperial family saw that this piece of jade was actually the piece of jade that sank into the water when they were crossing the river in the 28th year. So the First Emperor asked people to predict good and bad luck, and the hexagrams indicated good luck for traveling and migration. Thirty thousand families moved to Beihe and Yuzhong. Granted a first-level title.
In October of the thirty-seventh year of Guichou, the First Emperor went on a tour. Prime Minister Li Si followed on the left, while Prime Minister Feng Changji stayed behind on the right. Hu Hai, the youngest son of the First Emperor, was envious and asked to follow him, and the First Emperor agreed. In November, I walked to Yunmeng and looked in the direction of Jiuyi Mountain to worship Yushun. Float down the river, visit Ji Ke, and cross the river. Passing through Danyang, we arrived at Qiantang. On the shore of Zhejiang, I saw the dangerous waves, so I walked 120 miles westward and crossed the narrow place on the river. Climb Mount Kuaiji to pay homage to Dayu, visit the South China Sea, erect stone tablets, and praise the good deeds of the Qin Dynasty. The inscription says:
The emperor has established great achievements, unified the country, and has far-reaching virtues. For thirty-seven years, he personally toured the country and visited distant places. So he climbed up to Kuaiji Mountain. Observing the customs and habits, the people are very respectful. The ministers praised the emperor’s good deeds, recalled his entrepreneurial deeds, and traced his wise decision-making. The great emperor of Qin came to the world and began to establish the criminal law system and clearly promulgate the past regulations. For the first time, the rules for handling government affairs were unified, and the responsibilities of officials were determined and divided, thereby establishing a long-term and stable system. The princes and kings of the six countries were arbitrary, unfaithful, greedy and perverse, arrogant and ferocious, and supported the crowd to dominate. They were brutal and wanton, relied on force, were arrogant and proud, and provoked wars many times. The emissaries who served as spies secretly contacted each other to join forces to fight against the Qin Dynasty, and their behaviors were evil and indulgent. They disguised their plots at home and invaded Qin’s borders externally, thus bringing disaster. Out of justice, the emperor used force to attack them, quelled the riots and eliminated the rebels. His holy virtue is huge and profound, and he has received infinite blessings from all directions. The emperor unified the world, listened to all decisions, and maintained peace and quiet in both far and near. Plan and manage all things on earth, examine the actual situation of things, and record them separatelyContain their names. Whether they are noble people or lowly people, everyone has insight into their activities, and their good and bad qualities are all in front of them, and nothing is hidden. To correct the faults of gentlemen, to promote righteousness, and to marry someone else after having a son is to abandon one’s dead husband and not keep one’s chastity. Separate the inside and outside, stop indulgence and debauchery, and men and women must be clean and honest. If a husband commits adultery with another man’s wife, it is not sinful to kill himET Escorts. Only in this way can a man abide by moral standards. If a wife runs away and marries another woman, and her son cannot recognize her as his mother, people will be infected by the custom of honesty and purity. Large-scale rectification was carried out to clean up bad customs and habits, and people across the country accepted civilized social customs and received a kind of good management. People all abide by the laws, are harmonious, honest and diligent, and there is no one who disobeys the laws of the country. The people’s moral character is pure, everyone happily abides by the unified regulations, and happily maintains a peaceful situation. If future generations conscientiously adhere to the rule of law, peace and stability will last indefinitely, cars and boats will not tip over, and the country will be stable. The ministers who followed him praised the emperor’s achievements and requested that this stone tablet be engraved so that this wonderful record can be remembered by future generations.
On the way there, we passed through Wuxian County and took a ride across the river. Go north along the seaside to Langye. The warlock Xu Shi and others went to the sea to search for the magic medicine, but could not find it for several years. They spent a lot of money and were afraid of being condemned, so they deceived the First Emperor and said: “The magic medicine in Penglai can be obtained, but they often suffer from shark attacks.” , so we can’t reach Penglai. We hope to send some people who are good at archery to go with us. If the shark appears, shoot it with a repeating crossbow.” The first emperor fought with the sea god in his dream, and the sea god looked like a human. Asked the doctor who divined the dream, the doctor said: “The water god cannot be seen, (its arrival) is signified by big fish and mosquito dragons. Now your majesty prays and pays homage carefully and respectfully, but this evil appears.” The god of the sea should eradicate it, and then the benevolent god can come.” So the people who went to the sea were asked to carry equipment for catching big fish, and they used their repeating crossbows to wait for the big fish to appear. From Langye to the north to Rongcheng Mountain, no big fish was seen. When I arrived at Zhifu, I saw big fish and shot one to death. So we headed west along the coast.
I fell ill when I arrived in Pingyuanjin. The First Emperor hated talking about death, and no one among his ministers dared to mention his death. The First Emperor’s illness was getting worse day by day, so he wrote an edict stamped with the emperor’s seal and sent it to his son Fusu, saying: “Come back to attend my funeral and bury me in Xianyang along the way.” The edict has been sealed and placed in the CRRC Mansion. The place where Zhao Gao was ordered to replace Fu Xilang in charge of the seal and talisman affairs has not yet been sent to the envoy responsible for delivering it. In July Bingyin, the First Emperor died on the sand dune platform. Because the First Emperor died inside, Prime Minister Li Si was afraid that the First Emperor’s sons would have natural conflicts with the people at home, so he blocked the news and did not hold a funeral. The coffin was placed in a rolling cart, accompanied by the eunuchs who were close to him. Wherever it went, the coffin was still delivered as usual.meals. The officials reported state affairs as before, and the eunuchs agreed to what they reported from their carriages. Only the First Emperor’s sons Hu Hai, Zhao Gao and five or six close eunuchs knew that the First Emperor had died. Zhao Gao once taught Hu Hai to learn writing and prison laws in the past, and Hu Hai was very close to him secretly. Zhao Gao conspired with his son Hu Hai and Prime Minister Li Si to destroy the imperial edict sealed by the First Emperor and given to his son Fusu, while others falsely claimed that Prime Minister Li Si was in the sand dunes to receive the imperial edict from the First Emperor and make his son Hu Hai the crown prince. He also wrote another edict to his sons Fusu and Mengtian, listing their crimes and ordering them to commit suicide. These works are all recorded in “The Biography of Li Si”. Hu Hai and others continued to move forward, so they arrived at Jiuyuan from Jingxing. Just in time for the hot weather, the First Emperor’s carriages started to smell bad, so he ordered the officials to load each carriage with a stone of abalone to mix with the stench of the First Emperor’s corpse.
Hu Hai and others returned to Xianyang from the straight road and announced the death of the First Emperor. Prince Hu Hai succeeded to the throne and became the second emperor. In Xuanyue, the First Emperor was buried in Mount Li. When the First Emperor first came to the throne, he dug tunnels in Mount Li and waited until he unified the world. He sent more than 700,000 prisoners from all over the world to Mount Li. He dug the tunnels all the way to where there was water and sealed them with copper. , and then placed the coffin inside. Imitation palaces, hundreds of palaces, and various rare treasures were placed in it, full of hiding places. Let the craftsman make a crossbow with a mechanism. When someone digs a grave and approaches the tomb, it will automatically shoot at the target. Thousands of rivers, hundreds of streams and rivers and seas were made from mercury, and machines were used to permeate each other smoothly. All kinds of celestial phenomena were complete below the tomb, and there were thousands of phenomena on the ground above. The fat of the mermaid was used as a candle, and it was expected that it would not burn out for a long time. The Second Emperor said: “It is not appropriate for the concubines of the late Emperor’s harem to have no sons to be released from the palace.” (So) they were all buried, and many of them died. The First Emperor has been buried. Some people say that craftsmen make organs, and slaves all know that if there are many slaves, they will leak out. After the funeral, the funerary objects in the tomb were sealed, the tomb passage in the tomb was closed, and the gate of the innermost tomb passage was lowered, locking all the craftsmen and slaves inside, and no one could escape. Plant leatherwood on the grave, like a mountain.
In the first year of the Second Emperor’s reign, the Second Emperor was twenty-one years old. Zhao Gao was Lang Zhongling and had the power to handle state affairs. The Second Emperor issued an edict to increase the number of sacrifices in the First Emperor’s mausoleum and temples, as well as the etiquette of various types of sacrifices such as landscapes, etc., allowing the ministers to discuss how to respect the First Emperor’s temple. The monarchs and ministers knelt on the ground and kowtowed, saying: “In modern times, the emperor has seven temples, the princes have five temples, and the officials have three temples. (Taizu Temple) will not be abolished even after eternity. Now the First Emperor is the ultimate temple, and all temples are dedicated to him in the four seas.” Using local products and increasing the number of sacrifices, the rituals are complete and there is nothing more to add. Some temples of the late kings are in Xiyong and some are in Xianyang. According to the etiquette of the emperor, he should hold the wine cup in person to worship. The Temple of the First Emperor was abolished, and there were seven ancestral temples. The officials worshiped the Temple of the First Emperor as the ancestral temple of the Emperor of Qin. ”
The Second Emperor discussed with Zhao Gao and said:”I am young and have not been on the throne for a long time, and the common people have not yet surrendered. The late emperor patrolled the counties to show his power and subjugate the whole country with force. Now if we stay still and do not patrol, we will appear weak. There is no way Ruler of the whole country.” In the spring, II went east to patrol the counties, and Li Si followed him. Arriving at Jieshi, they walked along the coast and south to Kuaiji. They inscribed all the characters on the stone where the First Emperor stood. The names of the ministers who followed him were engraved next to the stone tablet to show the late emperor’s achievements and prosperous virtues. (The text engraved next to the stone tablet is:)
The emperor said: “These inscriptions on gold and stone were all engraved by the first emperor. Now I have inherited the title of emperor, and these inscriptions on gold and stone He did not say that he was the first emperor. As time went by, it seems that the achievements and great virtues of the first emperor were not commensurate with those who succeeded him. “Prime Minister Li Si, Minister Feng Changji, Yu The official Shi Chen De risked his life and said: “I request that all the edicts be engraved on the stone tablet, so that it will be clear. I risk my life to make this request.” The Second Order said: “Yes. .”
I went there after arriving in Liaodong.
At this time, the Second Emperor adopted Zhao Gao’s suggestion and established the Law of Fame. He discussed with Zhao Gao privately: “The ministers are disobedient and the officials are still powerful. Those princes will definitely compete with me for power. What should I do?” Zhao Gao said: “I originally wanted to say it, but I didn’t dare to say it. . The ministers of the late emperor all come from several generations of prestigious and powerful families, and their merits have been passed down from generation to generation for a long time. I, Zhao Gao, have always been humble and humble, but now your majesty has promoted me to the top. I am in charge of palace affairs. The ministers are unhappy, but they obey me on the surface. In fact, they are not convinced. Now that you are out on patrol, why not take this opportunity to punish the guilty county guards and execute them? At the top, you will shock the whole country, and at the bottom, you will eradicate the people you are dissatisfied with in your life. In today’s era, you cannot imitate martial arts, but force determines everything. I hope that your majesty will follow the trend and do not hesitate before the ministers have time to make plans. As a wise monarch, you can win over the people, make them noble, make them rich if they are poor, and get close to those who are alienated. Then there will be harmony between high and low, and the country will be peaceful.” The second generation said: ” Very good.” So the killing minister and the princes, under the pretense of being linked to each other, arrested the lower-ranking ministers and the third minister. No one could keep his official position, and the six sons were executed in Du County. The prince put the three Lu brothers under house arrest in the palace, and finally reviewed their crimes. The second generation sent an envoy to the general and said: “You are not like a minister. You should be put to death according to the law you have violated. The judge will impose legal sanctions.” The general said: “I dare not disobey the master of ceremonies according to the court etiquette.” I don’t dare to violate the etiquette of my position in the court; I don’t dare to make mistakes in my words when I am ordered to answer questions. Why do you say that I don’t look like a minister? I hope to die after understanding my sin. The envoy said: “I can’t take part in the plan. I’m just following the order.”do errands. So Jiang Lu raised his head and shouted to the sky repeatedly, shouting: “Oh my God!” I am not guilty! “The three brothers burst into tears and drew their swords to commit suicide. The clan was shocked and frightened. All the ministers who came to remonstrate thought it was slandering the court. The ministers took their salaries and flattered them, and the people were frightened.
In April, II returned to Xianyang. He said: “The late emperor built the Epang Palace because the Xianyang palace was small. Before the palace was completed, when the late emperor passed away, the project was completed and the mausoleum was built on Mount Li. The Lishan project has been basically completed. To abandon Afang Palace and not complete it now is to show that what the late emperor did was wrong. “The construction of Afang Palace began again. The strategy of pacifying the barbarians from all directions was the same as the First Emperor’s strategy. All 50,000 strong soldiers were transferred to garrison in Xianyang, and they were taught to teach archery. These people plus the dogs, horses and animals they raised, There is a lot of food to eat, and it is estimated that the stored food is not enough, so we call the counties above to transport the food and fodder to Xianyang. The people who transport it bring their own food. People within three hundred miles of Xianyang cannot eat this food. Grains were distributed (to solve the food shortage problem in Xianyang.) Law enforcement became more severe and harsh.
In July, the garrison soldiers Chen Sheng and others raised troops in the past Jingta. The rebellion was established and Zhang Chu was established. Chen Sheng proclaimed himself King of Chu and lived in Chen County. He sent generals to attack the city and seize the territory. The young people in Shandong counties and counties were suffering from the rule of the officials of the Qin Dynasty. They all killed their guards and ordered the prime ministers to rise up and rebel. Chen She elected each other as the king of the princes, and united to march westward. In the name of crusade against the Qin Dynasty, the number of people who rebelled was incalculable. Shi was very angry and handed the visitor over to the jailer for conviction. The messenger came back and asked him about the situation. The messenger replied: “They are a group of thieves, and the governor and lieutenant are chasing them. Now that they have been captured, it is not worth it.” Worry. “The Second Emperor was very happy. The military minister proclaimed himself King of Zhao, Wei Jiu was King of Wei, and Tian Dan was King of Qi. Duke Pei revolted in Pei County. Xiang Liang raised troops in Kuaiji County.
In the winter of the second year, Zhou Zhang and other generals dispatched by Chen She marched westward and arrived at Xishui. There were hundreds of thousands of troops there. The emperor was shocked and discussed with his officials: “What should we do?” “The Shaofu Zhang Han said: “The thieves have come here, and the soldiers are strong. It is too late to mobilize the troops from the nearby county. There were many prisoners in Lishan, and I hoped to pardon them and give them weapons to attack the thieves. “So the second emperor granted a general amnesty to the whole country, sent Zhang Han as a general, and defeated Zhou Zhang’s army. Zhou Zhang escaped, and Zhang Han killed Zhou Zhang in Caoyang. The second emperor againET EscortsAdditional commanders Shi Sima Xin and Dong Yi assisted Zhang Han in attacking the thieves, killing Chen Sheng in Chengfu, overthrowing Xiang Liang in Dingtao, and annihilating Wei Jiu in Linji. Chu Land The famous generals of the thieves were all dead, so Zhang Han crossed the Yellow River to the north and attacked King Zhao Xie at Julu.
Zhao Gao advised the second generation: “The first emperor ruled the country. a long time, so the ministers did not dare to do evil or express evil opinions to the late emperor. Now His Majesty is young and has just ascended the throne. How can he decide things at the court with ministers? If something goes wrong, you will expose your shortcomings to the officials. The emperor calls himself me, but the ministers should not hear the emperor’s voice. “So the second generation often lived in the palace and decided various government affairs with Zhao Gao. From then on, the ministers rarely had the opportunity to meet in court, and there were more and more thieves. The soldiers of Guanzhong were dispatched eastward to attack the thieves one after another. Prime Minister Feng Caiji on the right, Prime Minister Li Si on the left, and General Feng Jiejin remonstrated: “The thieves in Cheng County of Guandong rose up together to cause rebellion. The Qin government sent troops to attack and killed many, but the thieves were still not stopped. There are so many thieves because the people are too hard to work on, such as garrisoning the border areas, carrying goods by water, transporting by land, and doing civil engineering work, and the taxes are too heavy. It is hoped that the construction of Afang Palace will be completed and the garrison and transportation tasks on the four sides of the border will be reduced. “The second generation said: “I heard from Han Zi: ‘Yao and Shun’s oak-plank house rafters were not repaired, and thatched houses were not repaired. Earthen bowls were used for eating and earthen basins were used for drinking water. Supplies are not so frugal either. Yu dug the dragon gate to open up the Great Xia, built rivers, diverted stagnant water, and brought in the sea. He personally held the pestle for building walls and the spade for digging. Even if everything is lost, the slave’s level of labor will not be worse than this. ‘Anyone who is noble and controls the world should rule the world as he pleases and do whatever he wants. The emphasis is on declaring the rule of law so that the subjects above do not dare to act recklessly. Like the monarchs of Yu and Xia, who were regarded as emperors, were in poverty themselves, and obeyed the people. How could there be any rule of law? I respect myself as the King of Ten Thousand Chariots, but I do not have the reality of ten thousand chariots. I want to make a thousand chariots and set up followers of ten thousand chariots to suit my title of King of Ten Thousand Chariots. Moreover, the late emperor arose from the princes, annexed the country, and the country was now peaceful. He fought against the barbarians from all directions, made the borders peaceful, and built palaces to show his self-satisfaction. You have seen the beginning and development of the late emperor’s achievements. Now, in the two years since I came to the throne, groups of thieves have arisen at the same time. You cannot stop them, and you want to abolish the work done by the late emperor. This is not a way to repay the late emperor, and secondly, you are not loyal to me. , why are you in your current position? “Send Feng Chaiji, Li Si, and Feng Jie to the jailers for house arrest, and examine them for various other crimes. Feng Chaiji and Feng Jie said: “Generals and ministers cannot be bullied. ” committed suicide and died. Li Si was finally imprisoned and suffered various punishments.
Three years later, Zhang Han and others led their troops to surround Julu. General Xiang Yu of Chu State He led the Chu soldiers to rescue Julu. In the winter, Zhao Gao became prime minister, thoroughly investigated Li Si, and killed him. In summer, Zhang Han and others retreated many times in the war, and the Second Emperor sent people toHe reprimanded Zhang Han, who was frightened and sent the commander Shi Simaxin to ask for instructions. Zhao Gao didn’t want to meet him and didn’t trust him. Sima Xin was afraid and escaped. Zhao Gao sent people to hunt him down but failed to catch up. When Sima Xin saw Zhang Han, he said: “Zhao Gao wields great power in the court. If the general has merit, he will be killed, and if he does not, he will be killed.” Xiang Yu quickly attacked the Qin army and captured Wang Li. Zhang Han and others He led his army to surrender and admired all the princes. In August Jihai, Zhao Gao wanted to cause chaos, but was afraid that the officials would not obey, so he did an experiment in advance and presented a deer to the Second Emperor and said: “This is a horse.” The Second Emperor smiled and said: ” “Is the Prime Minister wrong?” Zhao Gao asked the ministers on the left and right. Some of the ministers remained silent, while others said they were horses and came to flatter Zhao Gao. Some said it was a deer, so Zhao Gao used the law to secretly frame those who said it was a deer. Later, the ministers were all afraid of Zhao Gao.
Zhao Gao said many times before that “the thieves in Guandong will not do anything”. When Xiang Yu captured the Qin army general Wang Gaoren in Julu and continued to advance, Zhang The army of Han and others repeatedly After retreating for the first time, he wrote a letter requesting for more troops. Yan, Zhao, Qi, Chu, Han, and Wei all proclaimed themselves kings. From the east of Hangu Pass, almost all the officials of the Qin Dynasty rebelled and responded to the various princes. The princes led His own army advanced westward. Peigong led tens of thousands of people to massacre Wuguan and sent people to have an affair with Zhao Gao. Zhao Gao was afraid that the second generation would be angry and be killed, so he refused to go to court, claiming to be sick. The second generation dreamed that a white tiger bit the horse on the left side of his car, and finally the horse was bitten to death. The second generation felt unhappy and felt strange, so he went to ask the dreamer. The dreamer divined and said: “The water god of Jingshui is causing trouble.” So the second generation was watching Yigong fasting, and expected to pay tribute to the water god of Jingshui, and sank four white horses into the water. An envoy was sent to accuse Zhao Gao of the thieves’ work. Zhao Gao was very anxious and secretly consulted with his son-in-law Xianyang Ling Yan Le and his brother Zhao Cheng: “The emperor did not listen to the advice. Now the matter has become urgent and he wants to put the blame on our family. I expect to abolish Er Er.” In this world, another son, Ying, was appointed as the emperor. Ying is benevolent and thrifty, and everyone listens to his words.” Zhao Gao sent his lieutenant Ling as an internal response, deceiving that a large group of thieves were coming, and ordered Yan Le to call the officials to send troops to pursue him. He also kidnapped Yan Le’s mother and placed her in Zhao Gao’s home. (Forcing Yan Le cannot Half-hearted.) Zhao Gao sent Yan Le to lead more than a thousand officials to the gate of the Yi Palace, tied up the guards and servants, and said, “Why don’t you stop the thieves from running in here?” The guards said: “The walls around There are soldiers in the huts inside the wall, and they are very well defended. How dare the thieves break into the palace?” Yan Le killed the guard and led the officials straight into the palace, shooting arrows as they walked. The officials and eunuchs were panicked, some fled, and some came forward. Fighting, the people fighting were killed, dozens of people died. Lang Zhongling and Yan Le entered the residence of the Second Emperor together and shot arrows at the curtain where the Second Emperor was resting. The Second Emperor was furious and called his attendants, who were all frightened and refused to fight. There is a eunuch beside him, who is accompanying the second generation and does not dare to get lost. The second generation fled indoors and said to the eunuch accompanying him: “Why don’t youTell me earlier? (Now) we have reached this kind of situation! The eunuch said, “I dare not say it, so I can save my life.” If I had told you earlier, I would have been killed. How could I still be alive today? “Yan Le came forward and came to the Second Emperor, listed his crimes and said: “You are arrogant and wanton, killing the people, and are extremely cruel. The people of the world have betrayed you. You can make your own predictions. The second generation said, “Can I see the prime minister?” Yan Le said, “It doesn’t work.” The second generation said: “I hope to get a county and become the king of it.” Yan Le refused. He added, “I would like to be a Marquis of Ten Thousand Households.” “Yan Le still didn’t agree. The second generation said: “I hope to become common people with my wife and children, just like those sons. Yan Le said: “I have been ordered by the Prime Minister to execute you for the sake of the people of the world. Although you have said many things, I dare not report it to the Prime Minister.” “Yan Le directed his soldiers to attack forward. The second generation committed suicide.
Yan Le came back to report to Zhao Gao, who summoned all the ministers and princes and told them The situation of killing the second generation. Zhao Gao said: “Qin was originally a kingdom of vassals, and the first emperor ruled the country, so he was called the emperor. Now that the six countries have established their own political power, the Qin State’s area is shrinking day by day, but it is still claiming the title of emperor in vain. This is unacceptable. It is more appropriate to be king as in the past. “He made Prince Ying, the son of the second brother’s brother, the king of Qin. He buried the second son in Yichun Garden in the south of Du County with common people’s rites. Zhao Gao asked Ziying to fast, visit his ancestors in the ancestral temple, and receive the seal of King Qin. After fasting for five days, Ziying discussed with his two sons and said: “Prime Minister Zhao Gao was watching the killing of the second generation in Yi Palace. He was afraid that the officials would punish him, so he pretended to make me king in the name of righteousness. I heard that Zhao Gao made an agreement with Chu that he would destroy the Qin clan and become king in Guanzhong. Now they ask me to fast and visit the ancestral temple. This is because they want to kill me while I am in the ancestral temple. I said that if I don’t go away if I’m sick, the Prime Minister will definitely come to me personally and kill him when he comes. “Zhao Gao sent people to invite Zi Ying several times, but Zi Ying didn’t come. Zhao Gao actually came in person and said, “It’s a major national event. Why don’t you go?” Ziying stabbed Zhao Gao to death in the fasting palace, and executed all the three clans of Zhao Gao’s family in public in Xianyang. Ziying became the king of Qin for forty-six days, and the Chu general Pei Gong defeated the Qin army and entered Wuguan. , came to Bashang, and sent someone to sign a contract for Ziying to surrender. Ziying tied a ribbon around his neck, rode on a white horse, and held the emperor’s seal and talisman to surrender by the Zhi Road. So Pei Gong entered Xianyang. After sealing the official treasury and returning to the army, more than a month later, the troops of various princes arrived. Xiang Yu, in order to lead the coalition forces, killed Ziying and Qin Gongzi’s clan, massacred Xianyang, and burned the palace. They captured the descendants and women of the Qin State, collected the treasures and property, and divided them among the princes. After destroying the Qin State, they divided its territory into three parts, and named them King Yong and Se. Wang Zhai, known as the Three Qin Dynasty, was the overlord of Western Chu and was responsible for dividing the country’s princes. Five years later, the Han Dynasty unified the country. p>Tai Shigong said: Boyi, the ancestor of Qin, once planted trees during the Tang and Yu periods.He made meritorious deeds, gained territory, and was given the surname Ying. Between Xia and Yin, the power was weak and dispersed. When the Zhou Dynasty declined, the Qin State emerged and built a city in Xicui. Since Duke Mu, he has gradually encroached on the princes, and the unification project was finally completed by the First Emperor. The First Emperor believed that his merits exceeded those of the Five Emperors, and that his borders were wider than those of the Three Kings. He was ashamed to be compared with the Three Kings and Five Emperors. Jia Sheng’s discussion is very good. He said:
Qin annexed various vassal states and more than 30 counties in Shandong, repaired and managed Jindu and passes, occupied dangerous passes and fortresses, trained troops, and garrisoned them. But Chen She led hundreds of scattered guards and raised their arms and shouted. There is no need for weapons like bows and stems, only hoes, whips, and wooden sticks. (The army has no food left, so it goes wherever it goes and eats wherever it goes, running rampant across the country. The Qin people have dangers but cannot attack fiercely, pass bridges but cannot block them, have long branches but cannot assassinate them, have strong crossbows but cannot launch them. Zhang Chu’s army went deep into the hinterland and fought at Hongmen. It was not as difficult as crossing the fence. So there was great chaos in Shandong, the princes rose up at the same time, and the heroes established each other as kings. Qin sent Zhang Han to lead his army to march eastward. Zhang Han used the troops under his command to threaten others, seek personal gain, and plot against his king. It can be seen from this that the ministers do not care about credibility. Zi Ying established himself as king, but in the end he did not realize it. If Ziying has the ability of an ordinary monarch, as long as he obtains assistant ministers of moderate ability, even if Shandong rebels, the Qin State’s homeland can still be preserved, and the ancestral temple worship will not be interrupted.
The land of Qin is surrounded by mountains and rivers, and the terrain is rugged. It is a country with barriers and fortresses on all sides. Since Duke Mu, as for the king of Qin, there have been more than twenty monarchs, who often dominate the princes. ET Escorts Is it true that Qin has always been a wise monarch in every life? That is caused by its geographical situation. And the whole country once made concerted efforts to attack Qin. At this time, wise men gathered together, excellent generals commanded the troops, and wise princes exchanged strategies with each other. However, they were held back by the steep terrain and could not move forward. Qin opened the door for them and lured the enemy deep into the country to fight. As a result, millions of people in the six kingdoms fled, and there was a tremor. Is this a lack of force and intelligence? It was due to the unfavorable terrain and inconvenient situation. The Qin State merged small towns into large cities, garrisoned troops in dangerous fortresses, built high forts, did not engage in battle, blocked passes, occupied dangerous passes, and guarded these places with halberds. The princes all rose up from the common people in order to benefit each other, and they did not have the virtues of King Su. Their friendship is not close, and their subordinates have not sincerely surrendered. On the surface, they are seeking personal gain in the name of destroying Qin. They saw that Qin’s terrain was dangerous and difficult to invade, so they must withdraw their troops. Qin made the people recuperate and recuperate, waited for the decline of the princes, adopted the poor and weak, supported the tired, and issued orders to the princes of the big country, without fear of not being content with the world. Emperor Guili was rich in the world, but he was captured and became a prisoner because his strategy to save the enemy was incorrect.
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The King of Qin was proud and complacent, did not ask questions humbly, and followed his mistakes without making changes. The second generation inherited it and did not change it. He was cruel and cruel, which alleviated the disaster. Ziying is alone, has no one close to him, is in a dangerous and weak position, and has no one to help him. These three monarchs have been confused all their lives. Isn’t it right for the country to perish? At this time, it is not that there are people in the world who are far-sighted and knowledgeable about power and change, but the reason why they dare not give advice and correct mistakes is because there are many taboos in Qin’s customs, and he himself has been killed before he has finished speaking his loyal words. Therefore, all the people in the country listen to orders, stand with their feet folded, and keep silent. These three monarchs have lost the principles of governing the country. The treacherous ministers dare not politely advise, the wise men dare not make suggestions, the country is in chaos, and no one reports the treacherous things to the monarch. Isn’t this too sad?Ethiopians Escort? The late king understood that obstruction and deception at high and low levels would harm the interests of the country, so he appointed ministers, officials, and scholars to regulate laws and establish punishments to bring peace to the world. When a country is strong, it can stop violence, suppress rebellions, and bring the whole country into submission. When the country was strong, five hegemons replaced the emperor and conquered the country, and the princes obeyed. When the country’s power is declining, if it is defended internally and attached externally, the country can survive but not perish. When the Qin State was strong and prosperous, its laws were complicated and its punishments were severe, which frightened the whole country. When it declined, the people were filled with hatred and the whole country rebelled. The emperors of the Zhou Dynasty successively acquired the rules for governing the country, so for more than a thousand years, the country’s fortunes continued. The Qin Dynasty lost everything, so the country was in a hurry. From this point of view, the basis of national security is too far apart. As the folk saying goes, “Never forget the past is the teacher of the future.” The country is governed by people with moral character. Observe the gains and losses of ancient times, examine the actions of the present, consider the causes of people, understand the reasons for rise and fall, understand the proper use of power and authority, have a certain order of abandonment, and have an appropriate time for change, so it lasts for a long time, and the country is peaceful .
Qin Xiaogong guarded the fortified places such as Miaoshan and Hangu Pass, and owned the Yongzhou area. The monarchs and ministers held fast to their own territory, peeked at the Zhou Dynasty’s political power, and had the power to sweep the world and take over the world. , The intention to encompass the world, the wish to annex all directions. At this time, Lord Shang assisted Qin Xiaogong, established the rule of law and various systems internally, worked hard on farming and weaving, refurbished offensive and defensive weapons, and adopted a strategy of continuous balance externally, causing the princes to fight against each other. As a result, the Qin people easily obtained the territory beyond the Xihe River. A piece of territory.
After the death of Duke Xiao, King Hui and Wugong inherited the old business and followed the legacy strategy, annexing Hanzhong to the south, capturing Ba and Shu to the west, and cutting off the fertile land to the east. Rao’s place was occupied by counties with difficult terrain. The princes were afraid, so they met to form alliances and negotiated to weaken the Qin. They spared no effort in rare treasures and fertile territory to attract people from all over the world, form alliances, and unite with each other. At this time, the state of Qi had Lord Mengchang, the state of Zhao had Lord Pingyuan, the state of Chu had Lord Chunshen, and the state of Wei had Lord Xinling. These four people are all wise, loyal, generous and loving, respecting the virtuous and respecting scholars.To destroy Qin’s Lianheng strategy by uniting vertically, he gathered soldiers from Han, Wei, Yan, Chu, Qi, Zhao, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan. At that time, the scholars of the Six Kingdoms included Ning Yue, Xu Shang, Su Qin, and Du He, who made suggestions for each country. Qi Ming, Zhou Zui, Chen Zhen, Zhao Hua, Lou Su, Zhai Jing, Su Li, and Le Yi communicated with each other. According to the opinions of various countries, Wu Qi, Sun Bin, Dai Tuo, Erliang, Wang Liao, Tian Ji, Lian Po, and Zhao She trained and commanded the armies of various countries. He often used a territory ten times that of Qin and millions of troops to attack Hangu Pass and attack Qin. The Qin people turned to fight, and the armies of the Nine Kingdoms fled hesitantly, not daring to advance. Qin did not waste a single arrow, but the princes of the world were already in a difficult situation. So the alliance collapsed, the alliance was abandoned, and they rushed to cede land to Qin. The Qin State had spare power to take advantage of the weaknesses of various countries and pursue the defeated and fleeing enemies, leaving millions of corpses lying on the ground and the shields floating with blood. Taking advantage of the convenient conditions of victory in the war, he divided the princes of the country and took over the country piece by piece. The strong countries asked for surrender, and the weak countries went to Qin to worship. It lasted until King Xiaowen and King Zhuang Xiang. Their reign was short and no serious incidents occurred in the country.
When King Qin inherited the achievements left by the six generations of ancestors, he wielded a long whip, controlled the country, annexed the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, eliminated the princes of various countries, ascended to the throne of heaven, and controlled He traveled all over the world and whipped the whole country with a whip and staff, which shocked the world. To the south, the Baiyue region was acquired, and Guilin and Xiangjun were established. The monarch of Baiyue lowered his head, tied his neck with a rope, and handed over his life to the lower-level officials of Qin. He also sent Meng Tian to the south to build the Great Wall and guard the border, which caused the Huns to retreat for more than 700 miles. The Hu people did not dare to go south to herd horses, and the soldiers did not dare to draw their bows for revenge. So he abolished the principles of modern emperors and burned the classics of various schools of thought to make fun of the people. Destroy the famous fortified city, kill the heroes, confiscate the weapons of the world, gather them in Xianyang, burn these weapons, cast them into Zhongqi, and make twelve bronze figures, in order to weaken the resistance of the people. Then he split Huashan Mountain as a city wall, used the Yellow River as a ferry, defended the city with a height of hundreds of millions of feet, and faced the unfathomable stream below as a basis for a fierce attack. Excellent generals and powerful crossbowmen guard key locations, loyal ministers, and elite soldiers wield sharp weapons. There is nothing anyone can do, and the world is at peace. In the heart of the King of Qin, he thought that the place in Guanzhong was solid, just like a thousand-mile copper wall and an iron wall. His descendants could be emperors from generation to generation, and their achievements would be passed down to generations.
The King of Qin has passed away, and his remaining power still shocks all the barbarians. Chen She is a son of a poor family who uses broken urns as windows and ropes to tie door shafts. Ethiopians EscortHe is a mediocre farmer. , but they are wandering people, their talents cannot keep up with a middle-class person, they do not have the wisdom of Zhongni and Mo Zhai, and the wealth of Tao Zhu and Yidun. They intervene among the ranks of soldiers, stand out in the countryside, and lead the tired scattered people. The chaotic soldiers, with hundreds of followers, turned around and attacked Qin. cut down treesAs weapons and holding high bamboo poles as flags, people all over the country responded to Chen She and gathered together, carrying food and following him like a shadow. The heroes of Shandong rose up at the same time and destroyed the Qin State.
Besides, the Qin State is not strong. The territory of Yongzhou and the dangers of Miaoshan and Hangufu are still the same as before. Chen She’s position is no more noble than that of the monarchs of Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan; the handle of his hoe and halberd is no sharper than a hooked halberd and a spear; a group of people who were sent to guard a distant place, and He cannot compete with the armies of the Nine Kingdoms; his foresight and method of marching and using troops are not as good as those of past counselors. However, the circumstances of success and failure are very different, and the magnitude of the achievements achieved is completely opposite. If we compare the size of the various vassal states in Shandong with Chen She, and measure their power and strength, they cannot be compared. Qin relied on a small territory and the strength of a thousand chariots to attract the princes of the eight states, and the princes who were in the same position as itself came to the Qin Dynasty for more than a hundred years. Then he regarded Liuhe and Sifang as his own property, and used Miaoshan Mountain and Hangu Pass as palace walls. (But) one person launched an attack, and the entire ancestral temple was destroyed. His life was lost in the hands of others, and he was laughed at by the whole country. Why is this? It is because of the failure to implement benevolence and righteousness that the situation of advance, retreat, attack and defense has changed.
The Qin State unified the four seas, annexed the princes of all countries, and proclaimed itself emperor in the south to support the people in the sea. The people of the whole country were impressed by the news. What is the reason for this situation? Woolen cloth? You can answer: This is because there have been no emperors for a long time in modern times. Zhou Dynasty invaded the country, the five hegemons had passed away, and the emperor’s decrees could not be issued in the world. Therefore, the princes used force to conquer, the strong country invaded the weak country, the more populous oppressed the less populous, the war continued, and the people were exhausted. . Now the King of Qin is sitting in the south and is king of the whole country. It is because there is an emperor below. All common people hope that Qiang will live a peaceful life, and all of them humbly admire the emperor. At this time, maintaining power and consolidating achievements is the key to national security.
With greed and despicable intentions, the King of Qin used his selfish wisdom, did not trust the heroes, was not close to the people, and abandoned the principle of governing the country with benevolence and righteousness. He established personal authority and banned classics. It spread that the criminal law was cruel, power and violence came first, benevolence and righteousness came last, and cruelty was the beginning of ruling the country. Those who annex the world advocate power and violence, while those who pacify the world value adapting to the people’s hearts and realizing changes in power. This means that the methods of attacking and conquering are different from maintaining profits and defending success. Qin got rid of the disputes of the Warring States Period and became king of the whole country. Its ruling principles did not change, its political orders did not change, and there was no difference in the way it started and maintained business. The King of Qin (who had no enfeoffment among his descendants) occupied the whole country alone, so he perished quickly. If the King of Qin could consider the events of ancient times and the rise and fall of the Yin and Zhou Dynasties to formulate and implement his policies, there would be no danger of danger or death even if there were arrogant, extravagant and lewd monarchs in later generations. Therefore, the three kings established the country, their names were prominent and perfect, and their achievements were passed down to generations.
Now that Qin II has ascended the throne, people all over the country crane their necks to observe his decrees. People who are suffering from cold and cold are satisfied with a coarse cloth jacket. People who are suffering from hunger feel that wattle cloth is also sweet. The people of the world are hungry and cold, and they are the resources of the new emperor (ruling the country and bringing peace to the people). This means that it is not difficult to implement tyranny against the hardworking people. If the past two generations had the virtues of ordinary monarchs, but appointed treacherous ministers and wise men, the monarch and his ministers were united, and they cared about the suffering of the people in the world. While wearing mourning clothes, they corrected the mistakes of the late emperor, divided the country, divided the households, and enfeoffed the feudal lords. Let them establish vassal kingdoms, set up monarchs, and govern the world with rituals. Let the prisons be empty and the people free from executions. Let them abolish the crime of collecting the wives and sons of sinners as slaves and all kinds of filthy crimes, and let the criminals return to their own country. In his hometown, he opened the warehouses for storing food, distributed money, used it to help the lonely and poor, offered light corvee and small taxes, helped the people solve their difficulties, and reduced the punishment. Only when the moral education was ineffective was the punishment used, so that the people of the world Everyone can get the opportunity to be a new person, change their attitude, and cultivate their character. Everyone will conduct themselves carefully, satisfy the wishes of millions of people, and govern the world with benevolence that is powerful in the world, and the world will be peaceful. . Then within the four seas, everyone will rejoice and live and work in peace and contentment, lest changes occur. Although there are cunning and cunning people, the people in the world will not have the idea of betraying the emperor. Conspiracy, evil things like riots will no longer happen. The second generation did not implement this way of governing the country, but doubled down on cruelty and cruelty, harming the country and its people. He also began to build the Afang Palace. The punishments were complicated and detailed, and he was strict with killings. If it is single, the officials cannot fully manage it, the people will be poor, and the monarch will not comfort and provide relief. As a result, treacherous and false things happened all at once, and everyone concealed each other. Many people were convicted, and the streets were filled with people who were tortured and killed, and the people of the world suffered endlessly. From the ministers down to the common people, everyone feels insecure, is in a state of poverty and misery, and is not reassured about his position, so it is not difficult to shake. Chen She did not need to use the outstanding talents and virtues of King Tang of Shang and King Wu of Zhou, and did not need to rely on the noble status of a prince to rise up in Daze Township and the whole country responded. This was because the people were afraid. The ancient kings of modern times had an insight into the changes in things from beginning to end and understood the opportunities for the life and death of a country. Therefore, the principle of governing the people was to try their best to make the people peaceful. (In this way,) although there are rebellious ministers in the country, they will definitely not get the response and help of the people. Therefore, as the saying goes, “Citizens who live in peace can live in peace and harmony with them, while citizens who are in fear and uneasy can easily join them in doing evil.” This is what is said. Even though you are the emperor and have the wealth of the whole country, you are not immune from being killed because your method of saving people from danger is incorrect. This was II’s mistake.
Xiang Gong came to the throne and reigned for twelve years. Start building the western border. Duke Xiang was buried in Xicui. Wen Gong was born.
Wen Gong ascended the throne and lived in Xicui Palace. He died after reigning for fifty years and was buried in Xicui. Jinggong was born.
Jinggong died before he came to the throne. Xian Gong was born.
Xian Gong reigned for twelve years and lived in Xixinyi. After his death, he was buried in Yayi. They gave birth to Duke Wu, Duke De, and Chuzi.
Chuzi reigned for six years and lived in Xiling. There is no taboo on the common people. Weilei and Shenfu led the thieves to kill Chuzi in Biyan and buried him in Yayi. Duke Wu succeeded him.
Gong Wu reigned for twenty years. Live in Pingyang Feng Palace. Buried in Judongnan, Xuanyang. Three concubine chiefs were executed. The Duke of Virtue was established.
De Gong reigned for two years. Lives in Dazheng Palace, Yongyi. He gave birth to Duke Xuan, Duke Cheng and Duke Mu. Buried in Yangyi. They began to stipulate the Dog Day Festival and kill dogs at the four gates of the city to get rid of the heat and plague.
Xuan Gong reigned for twelve years. Live in Yang Palace. Buried in Yangyi. Start recording leap months.
Dong Cheng reigned for four years and lived in the palace of Yongyi. Buried in Yangyi. The state of Qi attacked Shanrong and Guzhu.
Miao Gong reigned for thirty-nine years. The position given by the emperor to the overlord. Buried in Yongyi area. Duke Mu learned from the guards between the palace gate and the screen. Kang Gong was born.
Kang Gong reigned for twelve years. Live in Yongyi and sleep high. Buried in Leishe. A father-in-law was born.
The public reigned for five years. Live in Yongyi and sleep high. Buried south of Kang Gong. He gave birth to Duke Huan.
Gong Huan reigned for twenty-seven years. Lived in Yongyi Taibei. Buried in the north of Yiliqiu. Jinggong was born.
Jinggong reigned for forty years. Live in Yongyi and sleep high. Buried south of Qiuli. Bi Gong was born.
Bi Gong reigned for thirty-six years. Buried north of the car. Yi Gong was born.
Gong Yi died before he ascended the throne and was buried in the left palace. Hui Gong was born.
Gong Hui reigned for ten years. Buried in car. The car is located between the tombs of Kanggong and Jinggong. Gao Gong was born.
Du Gong reigned for fifteen years. He was buried to the west of Xi Gong. Build a city in Yongyi. Gong Gong was born.
Gong Gong reigned for thirty-four years. Buried in Jinli. He gave birth to Cao Gong and Huai Gong. Ten years after Gong Gong was assassinated, a comet appeared.
Gong Cao reigned for fourteen years. To shelter and sleep. He was buried in the south of Mourning Palace. In the first year of Cao AD, a comet appeared.
Gong Huai went from the state of Jin. Reigned for four years. Buried in Queryu. Ling Gong was born. The ministers besieged Duke Huai, and Duke Huai committed suicide.
Sulinggong is the son of Zhaozi. Live in Jingyang. Ten years in office. He is buried to the west of Mourning Palace. Gong Jian was born.
Jian Gong went from Jin State. Reigned for fifteen years. He was buried to the west of Xi Gong. Hui Gong was born. In the seventh year of Duke Jian’s reign, people began to wear swords.
Gong Hui reigned for thirteen years. Buried in the mausoleum. The father-in-law was born.
Chugong has been in office for two years. He committed suicide while on duty and was buried in Yongyi.
Xian Gong reigned for twenty-three years. Buried in Xiaoyu. Xiaogong was born.
Xiao Gong reigned for twenty-four years. He was buried in his younger brother’s country. He gave birth to King Huiwen. In the thirteenth year of Duke Xiao’s reign, Xianyang was established as the capital.
King Huiwen reigned for twenty-seven years. Buried in Gongling. King Wu Wu was born.
King Wu Wu reigned for four years. Buried in Yongling.
King Zhaoxiang reigned for fifty-six years. Buried in Shuyang. Born Xiaowen ET EscortsKing.
King Xiaowen reigned for one year. Buried in Shouling. He gave birth to King Zhuang Xiang.
King Zhuang Xiang reigned for three years. Buried in Shuyang. The first emperor was born. Lu Buwei was the prime minister.
Seven years after Duke Xian ascended the throne, he began to set up markets and conduct trade. In ten years, household registration will be established and compiled according to groups of five families.
In the sixteenth year of Duke Xiao’s accession to the throne, the peach and plum trees were blooming in winter.
Wang Huiwen came to the throne in the 19th year after his death. In the second year after he took the throne, he began to mint and issue coins. A newly born baby said, “Qin will be king of the whole world.”
Wang Wu came to the throne in the 19th year after his death. Three years after he took the throne, the Weishui River turned red for three days.
Wang Zhaoxiang came to the throne nineteen years after his death. Four years after he took the throne, he began to set up new field boundaries on farmland.
King Xiaowen ascended the throne fifty-three years after his death.
King Zhuang Xiang ascended the throne thirty-two years after his birth. In the second year after taking the throne, he captured the Taiyuan area. In the first year of King Zhuang and Xiang’s reign, he granted a general amnesty to the whole country, worshiped the ancestors of the late king, extended kindness and righteousness, cherished the blood of the clan, and spread benefits to the common people. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty and other princes plotted against the Qin State, and the Qin State sent Prime Minister Lu Buwei to destroy the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and annex its territory. The state of Qin did not stop its sacrifices and gave the Yangren area to Zhou Jun, where he held sacrifices to Zhou ancestors.
The First Emperor reigned for thirty-seven years. Buried in Liyi. A second emperor was born. The First Emperor ascended the throne thirteen years after his death.
The Second Emperor reigned for three years. Buried in Yichun. Zhao Gao was made prime minister and granted the title of Marquis of Anwu. He ascended the throne twelve years after his death.
You Qin Xianggong to the second generation, six hundred and ten years.
On October 15, the 17th year of Emperor Xiaoming’s reign, Ban Gu said:
The calendar of the Zhou Dynasty has passed Yes, according to the standards of benevolence and virtue, the dynasty on the son’s throne cannot replace the position of the dynasty on the mother’s throne. (Qin should be in the son position for Zhou, but it took itself as the mother position, and (became a superfluous dynasty outside the laws of historical development. Therefore,) Lu Zheng was cruel and brutal in his administration. But he was able to annex the entire Ethiopia Sugar country as a thirteen-year-old prince, indulge his lust and raise his clan. For thirty-seven years, troops were everywhere, and political orders were formulated and passed on to future emperors. He probably gained the divine power of a saint, and He Bo gave him a picture book. He took possession of wolves, foxes, ginseng, and cuttings. God helped him drive away the whole country, and finally (unified the whole country), he was known as the First Emperor.
After the death of the First Emperor, Hu Hai was extremely clumsy. Before the Lishan project was completed, he continued to build the Afang Palace to complete the plans left by the previous First Emperor. He said that “anyone who is noble and controls the world should do whatever he wants, and the ministers actually want to abolish the work done by the ancestors.” He killed Li Si and Feng Quji and appointed Zhao Gao. What II said is really heartbreaking! He has a human head but speaks like an animal. One cannot show off one’s evil without relying on the power of the emperor, and one cannot easily perish without accumulating a lot of evil. When the throne cannot be maintained, cruelty and ruthlessness will make the reign more urgent. Even if it occupies a land with favorable terrain, it cannot be defeated. It is not as good as hiding and establishing a country.
Zi Ying was established as the king according to the order. He wore a jade crown on his head and a gorgeous printed silk ribbon on his body. The carriage should be covered with yellow silk, and he was followed by hundreds of officials to pay homage to his ancestors. ‘s spiritual temple. If a gentleman ascends to a position that is not suitable for his status, he will be in a daze, and if he loses something, he will fall down every day. However, the son and the infant can make long-term predictions and eliminate worries. The father and son use strategies to kill people close to the door. The cunning and treacherous minister died, and the thief was killed on behalf of the deceased emperor. After Zhao Gao passed away, Binxin Yinya had not yet received all the condolences, before she could swallow her rice, before she could touch her lips with wine, the soldiers of Chu State had massacred Guanzhong, the immortals soared to the supremacy, and Ziying was riding on a white horse. With the ribbon tied around his neck, holding his talisman and seal, he came to surrender to the real emperor. It’s a bit like the time when Uncle Zheng held a maojing on his left and a luan knife on his right, while King Chuzhuang retreated seven miles. The breach of the Yellow River cannot be blocked again, and the rotten fish cannot be completely restored. Jia Yi and Sima Qian said: “If Ziying had the ability of an ordinary monarch at that time, as long as he had the assistant ministers of medium ability, even if Shandong rebelled, the Qin State’s hometown could still be preserved, and the ancestral temple worship would not be interrupted.” The decline of Qin State. The situation has been accumulated over time, and the whole country is in turmoil. Even though there is a talent like Zhou Dan, he can no longer use his intelligence and wisdom to blame a monarch who has only been on the throne for a short time. That is a mistake.of! There is a popular saying among the people that the evil originated from Qin Shihuang and reached its peak during the reign of Hu Hai. This view is reasonable. Jia Yi and Sima Qian blamed Ziying again, saying that the Qin State’s hometown could be preserved. This is what they call people who do not understand the changes in the situation. (The State of Qi was about to devour the State of Ji.) Ji Ji gave the Yi to the State of Qi. (He became a vassal of the State of Qi, so that the ancestral temple of the State of Ji could be preserved for worship.) “Children” praised him. (When recording this incident,) It is not straightforward. Call him by name. (Ji Ji is a person who has the power to change.) I read “Qin Ji” and read that Zi Ying charioted Zhao Gao. I thought his decision was bold and powerful, and I sympathized with his thoughts. Ziying is very complete in terms of the righteousness of life and death.
Editor: Jin Fu