An experiment in rural Confucianism construction at the foot of Nishan Mountain
Author: Zhao Fasheng
Source: Courtesy of the author
Time: March 09, 2014
Chinese civilization is called rural civilization. The traditional rural civilization is civilized because it was once the fertile ground for Confucian civilization, including private schools, ancestral halls, clans, family trees, and family temples. , family mottos, family rituals and various forms of memorial etiquette constitute a local cultural system that has been passed down for thousands of years, cultivated the traditional rural custom of loyalty, filial piety and benevolence, and became the long-lasting source of vitality for Chinese civilization. However, since ancient times, etiquette, justice and integrity have become feudal dross. After another man-made destruction, Confucianism was uprooted in the countryside where it was nurtured, and all educational systems disappeared. Accompanying the ghosting of Confucianism is the desolation of rural civilization and ecology. Many rural people are richer than before, but the phenomenon of not caring for the elderly has become more obvious; the harmonious and simple neighborhood atmosphere has faded, and various criminal cases have continued. rise. In the past, when a prisoner was born in a family, the whole family could not hold their heads up. Some families may have disappeared from the village and traveled eastwards. Nowadays, people who have been released from prison often have a feeling of being a hero. The concepts of right and wrong, right and wrong, beauty and ugliness have been Ethiopia Sugar Daddy turned upside down. The moral bottom line that has maintained rural autonomy for thousands of years is collapsing. The countryside seems to have been Modern civilization and traditional morality are abandoned at the same time. Young people are trying their best to leave here and find a paradise in the city. However, the status of migrant workers makes it difficult for them to integrate into the city. Hundreds of millions of migrant workers are displaced between urban and rural areas, which has become the most prominent social problem in Chinese society. The harsh reality has finally made more and more people realize that the construction of new rural areas is by no means a simple economic issue, rebuilding the destroyed rural civilized ecology and reshaping itEthiopia Sugar Daddy‘s life values and education system are the top priority in the construction of a new countryside. A village without values and beliefs will not be harmonious and beautiful, let alone achieve modern transformation.
So, how can rural civilization be rebuilt? Some scholars at Nishan Shengyuan Academy are determined to start from the birthplace of Confucian civilization. Nishan Shengyuan Academy is a university established by some scholars from Beijing and Shandong under the Sishui County Party Committee and County Government.Founded with strong support. The academy Ethiopia Sugar is located at the foot of Mount Ni, only 800 meters away from Confucius Cave where Confucius was born. The academy is surrounded by Beidongye Village, Fuzidong Village, Zhouzhuang and other villages. You can hear the sounds of chickens and dogs and indulge in the rich local atmosphere of Ethiopia Sugar middle. After investigation, it was found that the folks around Confucius Cave still talked about “Kong Laoer”, and many old people still had lingering fears when talking about him. During the ten years of turmoil, this was the area hardest hit by the movement to criticize Lin Piao and Confucius. Even Fuzidong Village itself was forced to change its name during the Cultural Revolution. The 88-year-old Uncle Feng from Fuzidong Village still remembers the smashing of the huge bronze statue of Confucius in the Confucius Temple in Nishan. At that time, there were five cypress trees that were more than 2,000 years old on the top of Nishan Mountain, arranged in the shape of a phoenix. The locals called them “Five Old Phoenixes”. There were 24 cypress trees behind Confucius Cave. Fired by the Xi family. Abandoned daughter-in-law, there will be no otherEthiopia Sugars. Thousand-year-old cypresses, Nishan Mountain is also covered with pines and cypresses that only a few people can hug. They were all cut down after the steel smelting, leaving the bare Nishan. It embarrassingly ushered in the 2012 ” “Global Symposium on Confucian Ethics and Ecological Civilization” was grandly opened at her feet.
Start with filial piety. Where should we begin to rebuild rural Confucianism amidst the ruins of history? We decided to start with filial piety because the situation of the elderly in the village is generally not good. The houses where the elderly live in the village are the worst and are called elderly houses. The village party secretary said that if the old man can still work in the fields, his situation is not bad, but once he loses the ability to work, he will be regarded as a burden on the family, and his situation can be imagined. Some people don’t even deny alimony of 100 yuan a year to the elderly. Even the mothers of some elderly people in the village who got rich first are in a bleak situation. Some people’s families are wealthy but they are unwilling to pay tens of dollars a year to their father’s joint medical joint fund. Confucius once lamented that some people regard raising the elderly and raising livestock as the same thing. However, once money worship takes over in the brain, people will rather raise livestock than the elderly. There is an 82-year-old man who has adopted a nephew with the same surname because he has no children. This adopted son loves the old man’s money as much as his life. Not only that, the village gives the old man a minimum living allowance of 300 yuan per month. He kept most of it for himself and only gave the old man 40 yuan a month. As expected, the King of Hell does not mind the thinness of a ghost. Faced with this situation, we decided to start with filial piety education. After the two filial piety classes, the villagers responded enthusiastically. Several old people cried in the first lecture. They were still very sad when they returned home. That must be The old man was wronged at home. Some middle-aged women came to listen to filial piety with their children in their arms. The villagersIt turns out that some of them often show off their expressions to the elderly at home. However, these daughters-in-law who do not care for their parents-in-law actually hold their children to listen to filial piety, because they hope in their hearts that their children will be filial to them in the future. This is Confucian cultureEthiopians Sugardaddy’s vitality lies in Confucius’s teachings which come from the heart and are in line with humanity. They don’t contribute now, but as long as they keep listening, who can guarantee that one day they won’t wake up?
The children who came to attend the class had a homework, which was to help their elders do one thing every day. The children’s results were quite impressive, and some moved stools for their grandparents before meals. , Some fold quilts for grandparents. The grandma of Pang Chuanqi, a first-grade child, has leg problems. He is too young to fold quilts, so he makes quilts for grandma every day Ethiopians EscortCarrying the bedpan. The seeds of filial piety have been sown in the children’s hearts.
Grandparents and grandchildren’s “Disciple Rules”. “Disciple Rules” is an elementary school textbook written by Li Yuxiu, a late scholar. It has attracted much attention in the traditional cultural craze in recent years. Some people still have a grudge against this thousand-and-eight-character pamphlet, thinking that it promotes feudal dross. Others praise the Analects and disparage the Disciple Rules. In fact, the “Regulations for Disciples” was originally written based on a passage in “The Analects”. It mainly teaches children filial piety and life etiquette, such as “clothing is noble and clean, not luxurious, being calm when you are above, being at home when you are below” and “walking calmly” , establish rules, bow deeply and roundly, bow respectfully” and so on. Although it cannot be said that every sentence in it is applicable to today, most of the content is still an essential life cultivation for children. However, the teaching of Chinese traditional culture has been discontinued for a hundred years, and these basic life etiquette have also become unique skills in Confucius’ hometown. Through the lectures, the villagers became very interested in the life principles of the “Regulations for Students”. The 82-year-old Pang Dezhen had a bad heart, but he insisted on coming to the lectures every time. He had never been to school, but he had learned dozens of words by self-study, but he persisted in memorizing the first paragraph of the student rules. It took the 78-year-old Kong Lingying more than half a year to memorize the “Disciple Rules” section “Admission is filial piety”. When asked what she could memorize, the illiterate old man said that after listening to the teacher’s instructions The truth about life makes me feel very comfortable. Many old people came to listen with their grandchildren. Some old people take their own copies and give a few more to their grandchildren who are in middle school in the city. “Disciple Rules”, this traditional elementary school textbook, teaches children how to contribute and respect their elders. Now, it has become a common use for grandchildren and grandfathers. “What?!” Mr. Lan and his wife exclaimed., and were stunned at the same time. Textbooks, this is making up for an era. Some people say that the most important knowledge in life is learned in kindergarten, and “Disciple Rules” falls into this category of knowledge. Those are the most basic life etiquette and cultivation, and are the breeding ground for cultivating a decent person. Not only are they incompatible with modern society, they are even Ethiopians EscortAn essential quality for a qualified modern citizen. Most Chinese in Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are richer than mainlanders, but there are no rich second generations there. Even the descendants of rich families are polite. This is the result of the influence of traditional Chinese culture. There was no Cultural Revolution there, and the tradition was not broken there.
After studying the “Student Rules” for half a year, in order to test their academic performance, a recitation competition for villagers with prizes was organized. The enthusiasm of the villagers to participate exceeded expectations. It was Ethiopians Sugardaddy on a Sunday morning in August this year. The villagers put down their hoes and came to the school. There were more than 200 people in the classroom. The seats were already packed, and people kept coming in. Latecomers only had to stand. The competition is divided into senior group, middle-aged group and juvenile ET Escorts group. Participants range from four-year-old children to eighty-five-year-old white men. old man. Because most young people go out to work, there is no youth group. As a result, after the three groups recited, a newly married young couple took the initiative to come down and memorize the “Disciple Rules”. It turned out that they had come to listen to the lecture many times and had already memorized the entire “Disciple Rules”. The fluent recitation of this loving couple aroused bursts of applause from the villagers, and also ignited everyone’s enthusiasm. Due to the situation, more and more villagers took the initiative to request to go on stage to recite, causing the end time of the entire competition to be postponed several times.
While awarding the Learning Activist Award Ethiopia Sugar Daddy, an accident occurred episode. The host read out the names of five activists Ethiopians Escort, and finally six people came up to receive the award. It turned out that the names of two aunts in the village were The names were repeated, because the classroom was full of people, and the prizes were enough Ethiopians Escort, so the five were handed out in the somewhat chaotic excitement. It became six. However, Ethiopia Sugar Daddy After the activity, the villagers gave up and asked her how she could become a model? and asked for the prize to be given out. It turned out that these two Among the aunts with the same names, one is indeed a model of filial piety, while the other happens to be a model of unfilial piety. Not only did the latter not support her parents-in-law, she even did not come out to attend the funeral when her own father-in-law passed away. She is very famous in the village. After consultation, the scholars finally did not give out the wrong prize, hoping that the wrong prize would be able to break the heart of a once unfilial daughter-in-law.
Unity of knowledge and action. Etiquette education. Chinese civilization is known as the civilization of etiquette and music. In addition, no other nation has ever received this honor. However, due to the lack of etiquette in the past. >Ethiopia Sugar has also become a target of the revolution, which has finally led to the reality that today’s rituals have collapsed. Some Chinese people have money to travel around the world, and they also have the opportunity to prove to foreigners how rude they are. Opportunity. As a result, the country of etiquette fell into embarrassment. How to get rid of the embarrassment requires a bit of courage as Confucius said, “Knowing shame is close to courage”, and more importantly Ethiopia SugarAfter hearing it, you are happy to practice your spirit.
As a result, the construction of rural Confucianism introduced etiquette teaching while carrying out the teaching of “Disciples’ Rules” and invited etiquette experts to come. Teach and demonstrate some Confucian etiquette to the common people, such as the initiation ceremony, the opening ceremony, the crown ceremony, the wedding ceremony, the archery ceremony, Ethiopians Escort etiquette, etc., and taught the villagers to be etiquette in the classroom, and to pay tribute to Confucius and the teachers who gave lectures. The young people also had to pay respect to the elders present. The etiquette of Confucius’ hometown is reflected in these life-oriented things. Gradually returning from the cultivation of etiquette
The small Chinese orchestra once sang: “If I don’t do it for a long time, who will tell me?” “The “Daya” he refers to is modern elegant music. A civilization of ritual and music is indispensable for music, especially for elegant music. The predecessors said it well: No one is good at music when changing customs. For this reason, the lecture hall invited volunteers to the village The folk religion sang filial piety songs such as “Kneeling Sheep Picture” and recorded some beautiful songs to be played regularly in the village. From then on, the touching music sounded again at the foot of Nishan Mountain, recalling the 2,500-year-old Confucius. In the past, there were endless string songs here. In order to regularize music education, more than 20 primary school students were selected from the children who often came to attend Chinese studies to form a small Chinese orchestra. When the teacher asked who should be the leader of the small Chinese orchestra. When convening the meeting, the children unanimously shouted out a comradeThe student’s name is Feng Yizhi. She is a fourth-year student in Higashino Village. She is the first student to be rewarded for reciting the “Disciple Rules”. From then on, the children went to school every weekend to learn singing songs, and often sang for the villagers in Chinese studies classes. The seeds of righteousness have been sown in the hearts of the children, and will surely spread throughout the world along with their beautiful and childish singing.
Rebuild the rural education system. The driving force behind the construction of Confucianism in rural Nishan is a group of silently dedicated scholar volunteers, including Mou Zhongjian, Wang Dianqing, Liu Fanfan, Zhang Jian, Yan Binggang, Zhao Fasheng, Chen Hongfu, etc. They also printed textbooks and distributed prizes to the villagers at their own expense because they were in love with the countryside and intended to rebuild the Confucian education system in the countryside. The grassroots Confucian organizations in the traditional patriarchal society are basically based on the family. In view of the fact that the clan organizations have been basically wiped out, the countryside has also been included in the country and even the world by the rapidly developing market economyET EscortsIn the economic system, rural Confucianism should also establish a corresponding new form of communication. This form is not only different from before the Revolution of 1911, but also different from Liang Shuming’s rural construction experiment , because in the countryside at that time, the traditional patriarchal organization was in the process of disintegration but the basic functions still existed. Scholars rely on ET Escorts Academy to explore and establish a professional rural Confucianism promotion organization, and hold rural Confucianism classes twice regularly in the middle and end of each month. , even during the busy farming season. The mission of employing Yi is to spread the backbone of Confucianism and launch a rural Confucianism construction fund to solve the funding problem. In order to mobilize the enthusiasm of the villagers for learning, the villagers are divided into study groups and carry out learning competitions between different groups. They also plan to form a new rural covenant to solve the problems of rural self-discipline and self-development. In order to share the teaching of Confucianism, a traditional civilization bulletin board was set up in the village, and the motto of cultivating oneself and managing one’s family was written on the wall. The loudspeakers in the village play “Student Rules” and music CDs every day, permeating the entire village with a strong cultural atmosphere. In order to improve the living conditions of the elderly, a pilot cooperative was set up for the elderly, and living allowances were provided to the elderly who had difficulties in living. In addition, in response to the increasing number of local patients with hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, the Rural Confucianism Classroom invited experts from Jinan, the provincial capital, to explain knowledge on how to avoid the three highs and conduct free clinics on site. It also invited education experts to explain to parents how to survive in modern times. Society teaches good children. The newly built rural Confucianism communication organization must be internal, spontaneous, open and institutionalized, and it will provide strong moral and cultural support for the construction of new rural areas.
TownshipVillage Confucianism destroys the flower of civilization. Spring, summer, autumn and winter Ethiopians Escort come one after another, and the year goes by quickly. The number of villagers attending the lectures also gradually increased, from the initial dozens to one or two hundred, and the scale also gradually increased from one village to one. It spread to several surrounding villages, and many people took the initiative to listen after hearing introductions from relatives. Two elderly people with weak legs and feet often use crutches to attend lectures. The fellow who is nearly blind always explores and comes to the classroom and sings filial piety songs loudly with the teacher. During one lecture, it happened that Professor Xie Daning, a disciple of Mr. Mou Zongsan and Taiwan Foguang University, came to the college. The scene in front of him moved him to tears and said that he seemed to have seen Yangming studying ConfucianismEthiopia Sugar DaddyThe grand occasion of learning to speak is once again. One year of study has completely changed the atmosphere of the village. In the past, disputes between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law were a common occurrence in the village. Some daughters-in-law publicly scolded their parents-in-law or even slapped their mothers-in-law on the street. This phenomenon has disappeared now, and the contributions that have replaced it are in vain. Sou’s custom. Drunk swearing was once a major scene in the village. After the launch of Confucian education, the villagers found that this strange scene had disappeared unconsciously. There are fewer people dumping garbage indiscriminately at the expense of their neighbors. People would rather walk a few steps forward and dump the garbage into the pit. There are more and more filial piety models in the village. Kong Qingzhen, 61, of Dongye Village, accidentally broke her waist while working in the fields. During her hospitalization, her daughter-in-law stayed by the bed, pooping and urinating. The patients thought she was her daughter. As soon as she was discharged from the hospital, she insisted on coming to listen to the “Disciple Rules”. Because it was difficult to move around, her daughter-in-law drove her mother-in-law here in a small car. Villager Pang Lingying has an 82-year-old uncle who is a lonely old man. The old man’s food, clothing, housing and transportation depend on her care. After autumn, she bought thermal underwear for her uncle. In winter, her uncle had a heart attack, and she accompanied him again. The old man went to the county hospital for treatment. The old man said that my niece is closer than my own daughter. In addition to family harmony, helping others has also become a new trend among villagers. On the morning of January 3, 2014, a Chinese-American professor asked villager Feng Baoqing about the way to Xiaoheji. It turned out that the professor was attending a meeting at Nishan Shengyuan College. He wanted to know about the situation of rural gatherings in China. What does the city look like? Since there were no taxis or buses in the countryside, Feng Baojin took the initiative to take him to the market 5 kilometers away in his own tricycle and picked him back up at the appointed time. The professor gave money to Ethiopians Sugardaddy. The villager refused to accept any money because he was also a fan of rural Confucianism.Heart listener. The professor was very grateful and told everyone he met that the people in Confucius’ hometown were nice. On New Year’s Eve in 2014, an old lady from Dongye Village walked into the home of branch secretary Pang Dehai and said: “What kind of training course are you holding? My daughter-in-law used to look at me and didn’t even give her the rations she should have.” Me. She invited me to her home for the New Year’s Eve this year, and she had a banquet and made dumplings. This is something that has never happened before.” In recognition of the progress, the college held an event on January 5, 2014. Nomura’s loving parents-in-law, filial daughter-in-law and harmonious family awards were awarded. A total of five families and 18 villagers were commended. The villagers came to the stage to receive the awards wearing big red flowers, with bright smiles blooming on their faces. It is a role model for rural people and the preliminary result of the construction of rural Confucianism over the past year.
One year of rural Confucianism construction makes the villagers feel that they are reconnecting with a lost civilization, and the hometown they live in is this great culture The birthplace of. Looking up from Dongye Village, the towering Nishan Mountain stretches across the present day, and the Yihe River flows quietly ET Escorts at the foot of it. At that time, Confucius climbed the mountains and faced the water here, and sighed in life, “The dead are like this.” The ruins of Confucius’s viewing platform are still there, but the water of the Yi River has been flowing for more than 2,500 years since that moving sigh. . I once said: “Miss, don’t worry, listen to what I have to say.” Cai Xiu said quickly. “It’s not that the couple don’t want to break off the marriage, but they want to take the opportunity to teach the Xi family a lesson. I will say “God’s way is better” later. Confucius is back, back to his hometown, back to his birthplace. He once came from He set out to travel around the world, and then went to the world. But this time he came back, not after Dong Zhongshu of the Western Han Dynasty “deposed hundreds of schools of thought and only respected Confucianism”. The misunderstood Confucius is actually the sage Confucius who was “tireless in learning and tireless in teaching” in the pre-Qin period. The construction of rural Confucianism is not about returning to modern times, but about allowing Confucius to travel through time and space and enter the modern times. The old man of history has been regarded as a stumbling block to modernization in modern times. However, the historical experience of East Asian modernization has finally proved that Confucius’s moral thoughts do not necessarily conflict with modernization. In an open modern society, it will become a bridge It is a precious moral resource. The organic combination of excellent Confucian culture and democratic rule of law will not only be the glory of Confucius, but also another phoenix nirvana of the Chinese nation.
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(Drafted January 13, 2014, January 15- Revised in Nishan on the 16th, I would like to commemorate the first anniversary of the construction of rural Confucianism in Nishan)
Editor: Sirong